3.4.6. Total R&D personnel and researchers in full-time equivalent (FTE) by sector of performance and sex (2018–)*

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Denomination 2018 2019
Total R&D personnel in full-time equivalent
R&D institutes and other budgetary research units 10 633 9 708
Higher education 12 994 14 111
Business enterprises 31 027 33 124
Total 54 654 56 943
Total R&D personnel in full-time equivalent, females
R&D institutes and other budgetary research units 3 738 4 643
Higher education 5 240 6 056
Business enterprises 7 292 7 549
Total 16 270 18 248
Researchers in full-time equivalent
R&D institutes and other budgetary research units 6 592 6 495
Higher education 9 547 9 999
Business enterprises 21 467 22 801
Total 37 606 39 295
Researchers in full-time equivalent, females
R&D institutes and other budgetary research units 2 149 2 719
Higher education 3 281 3 779
Business enterprises 3 815 4 036
Total 9 245 10 534
*Total = internal + external. Staff number converted to full-time employees, i.e. staff number weighted with the ratio of time spent on actual research and development to total working hours. 

© Hungarian Central Statistical Office, 2011