Residential mortgages, 2021

Data are supplied in the framework of data collection No. 1868 entitled ‘Report on residential home lending’. The reporting obligation is ordered by Government Decree 288/2009 (XII.5) on data collections and data receptions of the National Data Collection Programme.

Personal loans are not subject to this survey.

The classification of loans extended by credit institutions is regulated by MNB Decree 39/2016 (X.11.) on non-performing exposures and prudential requirements for restructured claims. Therefore, the section entitled 'Rating of home loans' has changed in the publication according to the following categories: the concepts of ‘performing exposure’ and ‘non performing exposure’ has been introduced, including restructured performing and non-performing exposures.

Purposes of mortgages and subsidies:

  • construction: building a new home, adding a new floor with mansard rooms to a detached or a semi-detached house, mansard loft conversions in case of a builder with three or more children
  • new home purchase: buying of a new home built for sale
  • purchase of a second hand home: buying of a resale home marketed in the secondary home market
  • modernization, extension: an increase in the comfort of the dwelling as a result of modernization; an increase of at least one additional room in the floor area of the dwelling
  • loan conversion: repayment of former mortgage
  • other: home purposes not covered by the above purposes

Data providers (credit institutes) are classified as follows:

  1. Banks

  2. Specialized financial institutes

  3. Specialized credit institutes

    a) Home savings banks

    b) Mortgage banks

Changes affecting residential home lending:

From the second half of 2011 to February 2012, a scheme was implemented to support foreign currency mortgage borrowers with the temporary option of early full repayment at a fixed exchange rate. According to the law, this option was open for those who had a foreign currency mortgage.

Furthermore the government agreed with the Hungarian Banking Association on the following five-point Home Protection Action Plan:

The exchange rate fixing is to reduce significant exchange rate changes of certain foreign currencies. Discounted exchange rates were fixed for a transitional period at HUF/CHF 180, HUF/EUR 250 and HUF/JPY 2.5. Differences between the fixed and the actual rates will be collected on a ’Special Forint Account’, which, after a transitional period, are to be paid out under preferential conditions.

The foreclosure quota is to regulate the auctions of credit institutes. For lower value real estate properties (apartments, detached houses) a foreclosure quota was introduced to provide safety for people with mortgage arrears and to prevent the dumping of a large number of homes on the market.

A home protection interest rate subsidy may be granted for those defaulted borrowers who convert their foreign currency loans to forint loans and live in the real estate that serves as collateral.

From the second half of 2011, further measures were the establishment of the National Asset Management Company and the authorization of credit institutes to restart foreign currency mortgage lending under more stringent conditions.

The number of disbursed loans was taken into account in the calculation of the average maturity of the examined housing loans.

The 2019–2020 data on family home creation grants have been revised due to a retrospective data revision by one of the data providers, and therefore differ from the values reported in our previous publications.

Number of questionnaires completed by respondents

Total
Period Banks Mortgage banks Savings and credit cooperatives Home savings banksa) Total
2001 14 2 183 199
2002 16 3 184 203
2003 20 3 176 199
2004 21 3 177 201
2005 20 3 173 196
2006 19 3 168 190
2007 20 3 156 179
2008 21 3 147 170
2009 22 3 137 162
2010 22 3 136 161
2011 25 3 132 2 162
2012 25 3 128 2 158
2013 26 3 123 2 154
2014 30 3 114 2 149
2015 30 3 91 2 126
2016 24 3 63 3 93
2017 23 3 21 3 50
2018 24 3 14 3 44
Half 1 2019 21 3 11 3 38
Half 2 2019 19 3 3 25
2020 18 3 3 24
2021 17 3 3 23

a) Between 2011 and 2015, the two home savings banks agreed to report their data on a separate line. The third home savings bank has been a data provider since 2016.

In 2021, out of the financial institutes engaged in residential housing loan activities, 17 banks, 3 mortgage banks and 3 home savings banks provided data. Due to mergers and liquidations in the savings co-operative sector, the number of data providers has been steadily declining in recent years, this trend has accelerated in the last four years. Compared to 2017, by the middle of 2019 their number dropped to almost half, then by the second half of 2019 the savings cooperative sector merged into Takarékbank Zrt.

Legend

– = The observed statistical phenomenon did not occur.

.. = Data not known.

0 = The value of the indicator is so small that it gives zero when rounded.