Country, group of countries 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Austria 60.4 59.8 61.0 61.4 59.9 60.8 60.8 60.1 62.5 60.2 57.8 58.1 57.1 56.8 57.0 58.0 59.3 61.3 61.3 60.5
Belgium 58.4 62.3 63.2 63.9 64.1 63.8 62.6 63.6 65.0 63.7 63.7 64.0 63.7 64.0 63.7 62.8 64.0 64.4 63.3 63.5
Bulgaria .. .. 71.9 73.9 65.7 65.8 67.1 65.9 65.7 66.6 66.1 65.0 67.5 66.2 67.6 68.4 67.8 65.1 68.9 71.0
Cyprus .. 58.2 63.3 62.8 64.5 65.3 64.2 61.0 64.0 65.0 66.1 63.4 68.8 65.8 62.4 63.0 63.1 66.8 66.3 65.7
Czechia .. 60.0 59.9 63.3 63.4 62.7 64.5 63.6 64.1 64.2 65.0 63.7 64.0 62.4 63.4 62.6 62.5 63.4 62.4 62.6
Denmark 69.0 68.4 67.2 67.4 60.8 60.4 61.4 59.9 61.5 60.1 61.4 57.6 60.3 59.7 59.1 58.8 57.7 54.8 54.6 55.4
Estonia 53.8 52.5 53.9 54.9 57.5 59.2 58.2 57.9 57.2 57.1 57.1 56.2 59.0 57.2 55.0 57.7 59.6 58.0 60.6 59.6
Finland 53.1 52.5 52.8 58.0 59.5 58.6 57.9 58.3 56.2 .. 57.5 56.3 57.0 56.4 55.7 54.8 55.9 61.7 56.5 55.9
France 64.3 64.6 64.4 64.4 64.5 63.5 63.4 63.6 63.8 64.3 64.2 64.6 64.1 64.9 64.5 64.6 65.3 66.9 65.2 64.1
Greece 65.7 67.7 68.4 67.6 66.2 66.8 67.7 66.9 64.9 65.1 64.9 64.1 64.7 65.1 65.9 66.4 66.8 66.6 67.8 67.3
Netherlands .. 63.5 63.5 64.3 59.9 60.1 60.2 59.0 58.9 57.5 59.0 57.2 57.8 57.6 57.2 59.4 59.6 59.6 56.3 57.5
Croatia .. .. .. .. .. .. 60.4 61.7 64.2 60.4 60.0 56.8 58.7 58.0 58.5 58.5 59.6 59.3 61.5 62.4
Ireland 64.1 63.9 64.7 65.6 65.1 65.3 66.9 68.3 68.5 68.0 67.5 68.0 69.8 69.3 70.4 70.5 67.1 68.0 66.8 66.2
Poland .. 66.9 62.9 61.5 63.0 62.5 62.3 63.2 62.8 62.7 62.7 63.2 64.6 63.5 64.3 64.1 64.3 64.6 64.1
64.4a
Latvia .. 53.3 52.5 54.8 54.3 55.9 56.4 56.6 59.0 54.2 55.3 54.1 54.9 52.2 53.7 54.1 54.3 55.4 55.4 54.3
Lithuania .. 54.6 56.4 58.1 59.5 61.1 62.3 62.0 61.6 61.6 61.7 58.8 59.4 59.8 59.1 59.1 58.7 59.8 62.3 62.9
Luxembourg 60.2 62.4 62.1 64.6 64.2 65.9 66.4 67.1 66.4 62.9 63.5 60.6 58.9 58.1 59.8 61.9 62.4 61.6 59.4 ..
Hungary .. 54.3 57.2 57.8 58.2 58.2 58.6 59.2 60.4 60.1 60.6 60.1 60.2 60.8 61.8 62.8 63.5 63.5 63.9 64.6
Malta .. 70.4 69.5 71.1 72.1 71.0 71.3 70.7 72.2 72.7 74.5 74.6 72.4 73.4 73.4 73.5 70.7 68.5 70.3 71.1
Germany .. 54.8 58.3 58.6 57.7 58.1 58.7 58.6 57.9 57.0 56.5 67.5 67.3 66.7 66.3 67.1 66.8 66.5 61.2 63.0
Italy 71.0 67.8 64.7 62.6 61.9 62.7 .. 62.5 61.4 61.2 62.3 62.7 67.2 66.4 66.9 68.6 68.7 68.5 67.8 69.6
Portugal 52.4 57.1 58.0 57.9 57.6 56.5 56.7 58.6 62.6 62.2 55.4 55.0 57.4 57.0 57.5 57.8 58.7 57.4 58.0 58.3
Romania .. .. .. 62.5 62.9 61.9 57.5 57.0 57.6 58.1 59.1 59.3 59.0 58.3 59.6 60.6 60.5 58.2
59.3a
58.9a
Spain 62.6 63.5 63.6 63.2 63.7 62.2 63.8 65.6 65.8 63.9 65.0 64.1 66.5 69.9 68.0 70.4 66.3 62.6 60.6 61.8
Sweden 60.8 63.2 67.5 66.8 64.2 65.1 65.5 64.6 .. 65.0 72.8 72.2 73.3 71.9 72.0 72.7 72.7 67.9 65.3 65.0
Slovakia .. 56.6 54.6 56.1 52.5 52.6 52.0 52.3 53.1 54.3 54.6 55.1 57.0 55.6 56.6 56.3 57.1 57.5 58.0 58.2
Slovenia .. 60.1 61.0 62.3 60.9 61.5 54.6 53.8 55.6 59.5 59.6 57.7 57.9 54.6 54.6 61.2 66.3 67.3 68.5 68.8
EUb
63.7a
61.6a
62.1a
 62.1 61.6 61.3 62.2 61.7 61.7 61.1 61.4 63.3 64.4 64.3 64.2 65.1 64.5 64.2 62.8
63.3a
United Kingdom .. 65.5 64.9 66.0 66.3 66.1 65.6 65.2 64.5 64.8 64.2 63.3 63.1 62.0 60.8 .. .. .. .. ..
Norway 65.3 64.2 63.4 66.1 69.0 67.8 69.8 76.1 70.4 68.6 69.8 68.9 67.8 70.0 69.1 68.1 66.7 .. 64.8 62.9
Switzerland .. .. .. 63.6 64.6 63.0 63.3 64.7 67.6 58.4 56.7 57.8 57.7 59.4 59.5 60.0 60.7 59.3 56.7 55.4

Footnotes

*Download date: 15 September 2025.
aEstimated figure.
bThe EU designation means for EU27_2020.
Source: Eurostat (Luxembourg).

Explanation of symbols

..
Datum not available.
__, |
Break in series (limited comparability).
blue number
Preliminary datum.
.