Country, group of countries 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Austria 2.1 14.2 8.0 -0.4 0.0 5.7 8.1 1.3 9.7 -3.1 5.2 1.9 15.0 -4.6 -9.6 -3.8 -3.2 12.0 13.1 1.1 6.8 13.9 16.6 19.6 -4.8
Belgium .. -4.5 2.0 3.1 0.2 0.6 -0.4 2.6 -1.6 7.3 1.9 -3.9 -8.3 1.6 -13.1 -2.9 22.2 0.7 -12.8 24.1 -3.1 11.2 -4.9 -15.0 -5.7
Bulgaria .. 9.3 -0.7 5.2 1.8 8.9 -1.2 18.9 2.3 -6.4 -2.2 8.0 -0.5 0.9 -2.3 -0.7 -2.2 -2.7 -8.1 -7.7 -7.9 17.1 16.2 -28.2 -4.3
Cyprus .. 4.2 8.8 7.2 2.0 5.4 6.2 3.7 4.3 2.8 2.0 -7.1 -4.2 -9.2 1.0 4.1 7.6 2.1 1.0 1.3 -6.0 2.9 1.7 -1.3 4.6
Czechia .. 1.8 2.5 8.4 1.0 -2.0 3.0 1.7 -4.5 -4.0 4.6 -1.5 -0.6 -1.4 -3.0 -2.7 0.9 4.6 1.5 -0.4 -6.5 4.0 -2.3 -11.2 -1.5
Denmark .. 4.8 -1.4 22.1 -11.2 -10.0 22.5 -13.7 -8.0 -0.4 7.3 -8.4 -10.8 12.2 -4.7 -8.1 4.4 -1.2 -1.3 -2.0 -2.1 12.1 6.1 -4.0 4.8
Estonia .. 1.1 0.7 14.1 2.2 -0.9 -3.8 16.0 -11.5 -12.1 31.7 -2.5 -3.1 5.3 -4.7 -12.3 14.7 6.2 0.0 -21.9 -6.7 40.1 22.5 -20.1 -1.4
Finland 1.1 6.3 1.2 4.5 1.6 -11.8 16.1 -1.4 -8.1 -0.6 11.5 -9.0 -4.5 1.1 -4.7 0.9 -0.1 -1.9 3.6 -2.1 -1.6 6.3 0.9 11.7 0.8
France 2.8 3.2 0.4 2.7 1.9 0.8 -0.8 -0.8 1.2 -5.0 6.0 -5.0 1.3 1.4 -5.7 2.7 0.8 -0.3 0.5 -1.0 -5.9 5.2 -8.5 0.7 2.4
Greece .. -0.9 1.5 6.8 0.8 0.6 -1.8 3.6 -2.8 -4.2 -9.3 4.0 1.8 -6.9 -13.6 0.6 1.6 7.8 -1.4 -5.8 -4.2 16.4 -3.7 -5.5 12.1
Netherlands .. 5.1 13.8 -2.0 1.4 17.6 -2.9 -2.5 3.3 -0.1 5.5 -12.1 -0.6 -1.0 -3.3 7.6 7.7 -0.2 1.2 5.9 9.9 -17.6 .. .. ..
Croatia -6.1 7.0 1.9 3.6 5.6 -1.1 2.0 0.7 3.8 2.3 6.4 -7.1 -2.0 10.7 -5.3 -5.6 6.9 -0.2 1.4 7.6 2.1 8.2 1.4 0.9 -8.1
Ireland .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. -3.2 -2.5 -6.1 15.5 -1.1 1.6 4.3 -13.1 25.9 31.4 -52.5 -24.3 35.4 10.1
Poland .. 8.4 -0.5 0.7 1.3 3.7 0.4 2.5 -1.0 -5.0 0.8 1.5 1.5 -1.0 -3.1 -2.4 -7.3 4.2 10.4 5.0 -2.8 20.3 16.1 1.7 3.6
Latvia .. 6.5 5.5 3.2 9.8 2.7 6.8 4.3 -4.1 -7.2 8.3 1.1 -3.0 -4.6 -4.7 0.0 6.5 8.2 -2.0 -4.4 -7.2 2.9 -11.5 -11.1 -3.9
Lithuania -14.0 13.5 3.7 35.5 10.0 -0.4 0.4 2.2 -0.4 -6.2 -1.8 -14.2 -5.5 -6.7 -8.1 -2.3 -1.8 1.6 2.9 0.6 -0.3 10.6 -9.4 -14.5 -7.6
Luxembourg .. 8.1 13.7 1.7 -4.0 1.3 7.0 -3.2 -5.6 -3.0 11.4 -8.7 -2.6 -9.2 2.1 -0.3 -0.7 6.8 -7.4 -8.5 -4.9 3.6 1.5 -9.9 3.1
Hungary .. -0.2 2.6 3.1 -1.8 -1.7 0.6 3.5 4.7 -11.7 0.9 -1.4 -3.5 -4.8 -4.8 6.0 0.8 0.2 -3.5 2.1 1.0 12.2 2.2 -25.1 7.2
Malta .. 3.9 3.4 8.6 -0.9 1.1 1.0 1.6 -0.9 -4.7 -2.5 2.6 4.6 -2.3 -2.0 -44.6 -40.1 103.8 20.2 5.3 2.3 2.7 2.3 1.5 -8.7
Germany 1.2 -1.8 0.3 3.7 2.6 0.1 1.4 -3.6 -1.9 -4.5 4.4 -5.2 2.8 0.6 -4.4 6.4 -0.6 0.7 -0.6 -6.4 -7.0 3.0 -2.3 -13.8 -4.2
Italy 6.3 0.8 1.4 5.3 3.0 3.0 2.2 -0.6 0.4 -8.8 2.3 -1.9 -3.3 -4.0 -5.3 2.0 1.2 2.8 -2.0 1.6 -4.4 3.5 -1.8 -6.2 1.1
Portugal .. 8.8 -4.5 5.1 -14.8 -10.5 5.0 -2.6 -2.6 9.8 8.5 -2.7 -13.4 11.1 2.3 -1.4 16.1 -0.9 0.8 -11.2 -0.2 -3.9 -5.8 -0.3 2.9
Romania .. 3.8 1.4 5.4 -2.4 2.5 -7.7 4.4 0.1 7.2 8.1 4.7 1.4 -1.1 -4.7 1.3 0.2 3.8 0.0 -4.2 -2.9 11.5 -7.9 -6.7 -4.9
Spain 9.9 3.3 0.9 2.8 7.0 4.2 0.6 2.0 1.1 -7.6 3.0 -3.6 0.0 -3.9 -2.5 0.2 -2.2 1.7 -2.0 -1.3 -5.6 3.0 6.2 -5.5 -1.5
Sweden .. -1.4 -9.2 -7.6 11.4 4.1 -9.0 3.4 1.6 -9.1 8.5 0.9 10.4 -7.7 1.2 4.9 -4.7 5.4 -0.5 3.9 -3.6 3.6 0.9 -3.6 2.7
Slovakia .. 3.9 -0.6 -0.8 3.4 4.0 -2.7 -4.6 19.1 -11.2 23.6 5.4 -4.4 -25.1 -4.0 4.4 2.0 7.3 -9.6 -0.7 6.3 14.5 -28.6 32.4 11.6
Slovenia 1.8 9.7 5.8 -3.6 18.6 -1.1 -0.8 -11.2 2.4 -7.1 1.7 5.2 10.5 3.9 -14.2 2.5 -3.4 3.2 -0.3 -0.9 -9.1 -5.3 -26.4 -31.5 -21.6
EUa 3.6 1.7 0.7 3.4 2.4 1.3 1.1 -0.8 -0.2 -4.9 4.4 -3.7 0.3 -1.1 -4.2 2.5 0.6 1.6 -0.6 -0.6 -3.2 2.4 -2.1 -4.6 0.5
United Kingdom 4.4 3.6 1.0 1.5 1.7 -0.1 -0.3 0.6 1.8 -2.3 1.7 -6.1 -0.8 -0.5 -4.5 2.1 4.4 -1.8 -1.2 0.4 .. .. .. .. ..
North Macedonia .. 0.0 -3.8 9.8 -2.6 2.6 0.8 -9.5 -3.1 8.7 14.4 -3.0 -9.6 5.4 -14.2 3.2 -1.5 6.9 2.5 16.7 -10.2 2.1 7.5 13.0 -16.6
Norway 16.6 -14.9 6.5 -17.3 1.5 25.0 -11.7 12.8 4.0 -7.4 -5.0 2.9 15.7 -8.7 5.9 1.9 3.0 0.0 -1.7 -7.9 13.8 2.5 -7.1 5.7 1.9
Serbia .. 1.3 -1.7 2.3 -0.2 7.9 2.4 3.2 1.8 1.0 -4.3 9.7 -7.3 8.3 -14.9 12.4 2.5 -5.9 1.1 0.5 0.8 0.9 -7.2 12.7 -6.8
Türkiye 7.5 -2.1 5.6 8.3 6.7 7.4 8.7 8.9 3.4 -2.3 8.3 8.7 4.6 0.1 4.7 3.8 5.4 8.5 1.2 0.0 0.3 8.7 -1.9 -0.7 6.8

Footnotes

*Download date: 9 December 2025.
aThe EU designation means for EU27_2020.
Source: Eurostat (Luxembourg); Monthly Bulletin of Statistics database (UN, New York).

Explanation of symbols

..
Datum not available.
0
Less than half of unit.
blue number
Preliminary datum.
green number
Revised datum.
.