Country, group of countries 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Austria 10.0 2.1 -0.1 2.3 7.3 4.3 7.7 6.3 0.9 -12.6 6.9 6.7 0.1 0.8 1.1 2.4 2.6 5.4 4.3 0.0 -7.0 10.9 6.1
Belgium .. 5.0 0.3 1.4 7.2 3.9 7.1 8.3 4.6 -13.3 10.2 6.0 -0.5 -0.4 3.5 -1.1 2.8 2.9 2.6 2.9 -3.6 17.2 -0.3
Bulgaria .. 2.0 8.1 17.8 16.1 7.9 9.0 9.2 0.7 -22.4 3.9 5.3 -0.2 0.7 3.9 4.2 4.1 6.0 2.3 1.9 -6.3 8.8 13.0
Cyprus .. 5.6 0.6 -1.5 1.0 -0.4 -0.9 5.1 4.5 -11.4 -3.5 -7.9 -10.4 -13.8 -0.8 5.4 9.5 10.4 9.3 5.2 -7.7 7.2 1.2
Czechia .. 8.5 2.0 2.9 11.9 4.7 9.2 12.3 -2.0 -14.8 9.5 7.1 -0.8 0.8 6.6 5.8 3.7 7.2 3.3 -0.2 -7.0 7.0 3.1
Denmark .. 3.4 0.8 -2.2 -2.6 4.3 4.6 -0.3 -2.0 -16.7 2.9 4.3 2.6 2.2 2.8 1.1 4.8 3.1 4.4 4.2 -4.1 8.8 16.3
Estonia .. 10.1 9.1 11.1 10.5 11.9 10.6 6.2 -4.5 -25.2 22.5 22.3 1.9 4.1 5.4 0.8 2.8 3.4 4.9 9.6 -2.8 11.9 -2.9
Finland 10.9 -0.3 2.2 0.3 6.4 1.4 8.7 5.7 1.8 -20.2 5.0 3.1 -1.8 -3.8 -1.5 -1.0 4.6 4.0 2.9 2.4 -3.3 4.0 4.9
France 5.0 0.8 -1.3 -1.4 1.7 0.3 1.4 1.5 -3.5 -13.6 4.2 3.8 -2.9 -0.9 -0.2 1.1 0.4 2.8 0.7 0.8 -11.7 6.1 1.5
Greece .. -4.5 -1.0 -0.7 0.7 -1.6 2.0 2.2 -4.7 -11.2 -5.0 -9.1 -3.6 -1.0 1.8 1.7 3.2 2.9 2.7 1.0 -1.5 9.0 4.5
Netherlands 7.2 -0.1 0.1 -1.0 3.8 2.1 3.6 5.9 -1.4 -8.7 7.0 3.3 -0.7 -1.1 1.1 0.6 2.9 3.5 2.5 -0.6 -4.1 9.4 6.3
Croatia 3.7 6.0 4.6 3.3 2.5 6.2 4.2 6.1 0.5 -10.2 -2.3 -0.3 -5.1 -3.8 3.2 3.5 5.1 2.3 -0.7 -0.2 -3.8 6.3 1.8
Ireland 14.6 11.4 8.5 5.6 1.1 4.1 3.3 5.6 -2.6 -4.1 9.1 0.1 -1.2 -2.5 22.0 40.9 4.8 -2.5 -4.2 6.2 12.8 32.2 20.0
Poland .. 0.0 2.1 10.2 13.7 5.4 14.8 10.7 2.6 -3.5 12.6 8.1 1.4 2.9 4.5 5.3 4.3 7.9 5.5 4.3 -1.8 14.7 10.8
Latvia .. 11.7 7.5 9.0 5.7 8.0 6.5 0.5 -3.5 -20.0 16.0 11.5 9.3 0.7 -0.1 4.1 4.7 8.5 3.3 2.0 -1.2 7.3 2.5
Lithuania 2.5 12.0 6.2 11.6 11.3 10.0 6.6 3.3 4.3 -15.3 7.5 10.4 5.1 4.4 1.0 5.0 2.9 7.2 6.3 3.3 -2.1 21.1 7.9
Luxembourg .. 4.7 4.2 5.9 5.7 3.1 2.2 0.0 -5.4 -17.2 8.8 2.7 -5.3 -2.3 4.7 1.2 -0.2 3.4 0.2 -2.1 -12.0 9.4 -1.9
Hungary .. 4.4 4.0 7.1 7.9 8.1 11.7 8.6 -1.3 -18.5 11.8 6.0 -1.1 1.8 8.1 7.6 1.2 5.3 3.8 5.6 -6.9 9.5 6.1
Malta .. -7.4 0.1 4.4 -0.7 -6.1 8.0 7.5 -4.5 -14.9 9.8 -0.4 5.4 -5.7 -6.2 6.7 -4.6 3.7 -0.6 0.5 -0.5 -0.4 3.2
Germany 6.2 0.5 -1.1 0.4 3.3 3.8 6.2 6.6 0.3 -17.3 11.8 8.6 -0.5 0.2 2.0 0.4 1.0 3.3 1.2 -2.9 -9.8 4.8 -0.1
Italy 4.3 -1.2 -1.9 -1.4 -0.4 -1.4 3.8 2.1 -3.6 -19.4 7.1 1.6 -6.9 -2.8 -0.1 1.1 2.2 3.7 1.3 -1.4 -12.3 13.6 0.8
Portugal .. 0.4 1.5 -1.9 -2.9 8.2 -1.0 -1.8 -6.4 -13.2 0.6 -1.3 -3.0 0.4 1.9 2.5 0.0 3.5 -0.3 -0.9 -8.7 4.7 1.2
Romania .. 4.3 0.9 -1.2 2.1 -2.3 13.1 12.0 3.1 -6.4 5.2 8.3 3.1 9.0 7.5 3.5 4.5 9.3 5.2 -2.5 -10.3 6.5 -0.4
Spain 3.9 -2.1 0.0 1.1 1.2 0.5 4.2 1.9 -8.3 -16.6 0.5 -1.1 -7.8 -1.3 2.0 4.1 2.6 3.4 0.9 0.9 -10.5 8.5 2.5
Sweden .. -0.4 1.2 2.8 3.5 2.0 5.4 3.9 -3.7 -19.3 8.3 2.6 -3.4 -4.3 -2.2 2.6 2.1 4.7 3.4 2.2 -5.4 8.0 2.8
Slovakia .. 4.0 9.4 21.4 3.5 -1.3 21.0 21.3 15.6 -16.7 15.6 7.4 6.5 2.3 3.7 8.9 3.6 3.8 8.0 0.2 -10.3 10.0 -0.6
Slovenia 7.4 3.3 1.6 1.1 3.3 5.1 6.9 8.7 1.4 -18.9 7.8 1.4 -2.2 -1.6 4.3 6.0 7.7 8.2 5.7 3.6 -5.0 11.8 3.9
EU27_2020
5.9a
 0.6 -0.3 0.4 2.5 2.0 5.1 4.6 -1.8 -15.6 7.9 4.7 -2.3 -0.6 2.2 3.1 2.0 3.5 1.6 -0.1 -7.7 9.9 3.7
United Kingdom 2.4 -1.7 -2.2 -0.6 1.6 0.5 2.2 0.4 -3.1 -9.1 4.8 2.5 -1.4 -1.0 2.8 -0.4 1.1 2.9 0.9 -1.3 .. .. ..
North Macedonia .. -3.3 -4.7 5.9 -2.1 7.4 6.3 5.5 5.9 -10.4 -7.4 9.5 -2.2 2.9 9.0 5.9 5.3 -0.2 6.5 2.4 -9.9 1.3 -1.1
Norway -2.8 -1.5 -0.8 -4.2 0.9 2.6 5.7 5.8 2.9 -6.3 2.8 1.0 2.7 3.7 3.2 -3.4 -4.9 0.4 1.7 2.6 -3.0 3.2 -0.3
Russia 10.9 2.0 1.1 11.0 10.2 7.9 8.4 10.5 0.7 -15.1 10.7 8.2 5.1 3.0 3.1 6.0 0.9 5.5 3.3 3.5 1.4 4.9 ..
Switzerland 9.3 -1.2 -5.2 0.3 4.4 1.0 8.0 10.4 -0.5 -7.7 7.2 2.8 0.7 0.9 2.2 -1.4 0.6 6.2 6.0 4.4 -3.3 10.4 7.3
Serbia .. 1.1 2.5 -4.4 7.9 -0.5 4.9 4.5 0.8 -16.0 2.5 -0.1 -1.3 5.4 -4.9 5.7 5.8 6.6 1.9 0.3 -0.5 5.9 1.6
Türkiye 6.5 -9.7 11.0 9.4 9.9 15.7 7.1 8.2 -2.0 -12.8 16.4 15.3 4.3 8.2 6.2 6.3 3.4 9.0 1.2 -0.7 1.9 18.5 6.8
India 6.2 3.2 5.1 7.1 11.5 11.6 14.4 18.5 8.4 -0.7 10.5 5.2 -1.1 2.2 4.1 2.3 4.8 3.6 5.4 0.6 -13.2 14.1 4.1
Israel 10.0 -5.0 -1.9 -0.3 6.9 5.1 9.1 5.5 6.9 -5.8 8.0 2.2 4.7 -1.0 0.6 2.4 -0.3 1.8 2.5 3.9 2.5 3.6 10.8
Republic of Korea 17.2 0.2 8.1 5.6 10.8 6.3 8.7 7.1 3.3 -0.2 16.7 6.0 1.4 0.7 0.2 -0.3 2.3 2.3 1.4 0.4 -0.2 8.4 1.4
South Africa 4.2 2.0 4.3 -2.3 4.1 2.9 4.6 4.2 -0.4 -13.8 4.6 2.8 2.2 1.3 0.1 0.0 0.7 -0.7 1.0 -1.1 -12.3 6.0 -0.3
Brazil 6.1 1.4 0.6 0.1 8.6 2.4 2.4 6.0 3.0 -7.0 10.0 0.3 -2.4 2.8 -4.2 -9.8 -6.0 2.2 1.1 0.2 -4.6 4.3 -0.4
United States 4.1 -3.6 0.5 1.3 3.1 4.1 2.6 2.8 -4.8 -13.8 5.9 2.9 2.6 0.9 1.1 -0.5 -0.8 0.6 1.3 -2.0 -6.6 5.0 2.7
Canada 9.2 -3.8 1.7 -1.4 2.0 1.9 -1.8 -3.2 -5.5 -14.0 4.6 3.5 1.3 -0.4 3.0 0.6 -0.3 2.0 2.9 -0.2 -8.8 5.6 3.7
Mexico 7.4 -2.1 -3.0 -0.2 2.5 2.2 5.1 0.3 -1.6 -10.4 7.5 3.3 4.8 -0.5 4.0 3.4 0.9 2.6 1.4 0.2 -9.0 9.3 6.3
Australia 4.1 0.1 4.7 3.0 0.4 -1.0 0.5 1.9 3.1 -7.3 3.1 0.3 -1.8 -2.1 -1.4 -1.5 -1.7 0.7 1.5 -2.1 -1.9 4.2 -0.1
New Zealand 4.3 0.6 6.3 4.3 4.2 0.6 -2.2 0.8 -5.8 -8.9 4.6 -1.3 1.2 0.8 2.3 1.8 3.1 1.9 1.9 1.1 -4.1 3.9 -5.3

Footnotes

*Donwload date: 13 December 2023.
aEurostat estimate.
Source: Eurostat (Luxembourg); Main Economic Indicators database (OECD, Paris).

Explanation of symbols

..
Datum not available.
0
Less than half of unit.
blue number
Preliminary datum.
green number
Revised datum.
.