Country, group of countries |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2013 |
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
Austria |
4.6 |
9.6 |
2.7 |
4.6 |
6.1 |
0.1 |
-18.3 |
14.8 |
5.9 |
-0.1 |
1.5 |
1.9 |
0.6 |
-1.4 |
5.0 |
2.2 |
0.5 |
-7.5 |
7.8 |
1.0 |
Belgium |
-0.4 |
7.4 |
3.6 |
4.4 |
5.0 |
-1.8 |
-11.1 |
8.2 |
4.0 |
-1.1 |
2.5 |
1.9 |
1.2 |
3.3 |
0.5 |
1.0 |
0.1 |
-6.1 |
14.1 |
6.3 |
Bulgaria |
11.7 |
10.7 |
10.8 |
12.2 |
8.5 |
8.3 |
-14.2 |
19.9 |
18.5 |
-0.5 |
11.4 |
1.3 |
5.5 |
7.6 |
9.6 |
-0.6 |
3.3 |
-5.3 |
7.7 |
12.6 |
Cyprus |
-2.3 |
80.6 |
59.2 |
-12.4 |
-7.1 |
8.9 |
-12.5 |
13.9 |
23.2 |
5.7 |
13.3 |
61.8 |
27.7 |
3.1 |
7.9 |
41.6 |
-12.1 |
-2.2 |
14.1 |
7.8 |
Czechia |
5.9 |
24.3 |
10.0 |
16.9 |
15.0 |
6.1 |
-16.1 |
18.0 |
9.7 |
1.6 |
0.8 |
6.9 |
4.7 |
3.5 |
5.5 |
2.7 |
0.5 |
-6.8 |
6.3 |
21.8 |
Denmark |
-0.8 |
2.3 |
6.1 |
4.6 |
3.7 |
1.4 |
-11.0 |
2.0 |
3.5 |
-0.7 |
-0.1 |
1.6 |
0.6 |
0.8 |
2.6 |
0.8 |
0.7 |
-3.7 |
6.9 |
1.4 |
Estonia |
12.9 |
20.0 |
27.6 |
20.2 |
-0.5 |
1.2 |
-17.5 |
25.1 |
26.6 |
2.2 |
-0.6 |
-0.7 |
-2.3 |
3.3 |
4.7 |
7.7 |
-0.1 |
1.5 |
13.1 |
-2.4 |
Finland |
3.1 |
5.2 |
0.2 |
10.7 |
0.7 |
0.9 |
-26.5 |
6.7 |
1.5 |
-1.3 |
-0.4 |
1.2 |
-2.3 |
0.1 |
8.8 |
2.2 |
2.4 |
-6.8 |
6.2 |
-1.6 |
France |
0.4 |
3.5 |
1.3 |
1.5 |
-0.2 |
-1.1 |
-15.0 |
9.6 |
2.9 |
-0.2 |
-1.1 |
0.5 |
1.8 |
-0.1 |
0.9 |
1.5 |
0.6 |
-16.7 |
8.2 |
2.6 |
Greece |
5.1 |
3.5 |
7.8 |
7.8 |
10.5 |
2.9 |
-4.0 |
5.5 |
3.0 |
10.2 |
1.7 |
3.5 |
5.7 |
6.3 |
3.0 |
8.3 |
2.5 |
2.5 |
9.2 |
2.1 |
Netherlands |
3.8 |
8.6 |
10.3 |
7.6 |
5.8 |
3.5 |
-10.6 |
10.5 |
1.1 |
2.3 |
0.3 |
0.1 |
1.9 |
2.6 |
6.6 |
3.1 |
1.3 |
-3.3 |
10.2 |
10.9 |
Croatia |
7.2 |
14.8 |
6.9 |
11.2 |
6.4 |
1.0 |
-14.4 |
13.0 |
1.0 |
-1.3 |
3.1 |
11.6 |
13.9 |
9.9 |
9.4 |
1.9 |
3.2 |
2.8 |
8.8 |
3.3 |
Ireland |
-7.5 |
5.4 |
3.4 |
-4.7 |
3.2 |
-3.7 |
-0.8 |
1.5 |
3.6 |
-3.8 |
-3.3 |
3.2 |
15.2 |
6.8 |
2.2 |
16.4 |
6.5 |
7.7 |
3.1 |
13.7 |
Poland |
12.6 |
20.9 |
14.3 |
17.8 |
11.5 |
7.8 |
-9.6 |
15.1 |
7.0 |
4.2 |
7.4 |
7.6 |
6.4 |
3.7 |
7.7 |
5.0 |
4.0 |
-0.3 |
11.7 |
2.7 |
Latvia |
11.2 |
19.1 |
28.5 |
12.1 |
11.9 |
9.1 |
-10.8 |
19.9 |
22.4 |
13.0 |
-0.8 |
3.2 |
2.1 |
2.7 |
8.4 |
3.9 |
2.2 |
3.4 |
8.3 |
3.1 |
Lithuania |
10.8 |
19.2 |
20.9 |
10.2 |
4.1 |
17.6 |
-14.7 |
18.5 |
13.5 |
8.7 |
8.0 |
1.8 |
-1.6 |
3.1 |
10.2 |
1.6 |
4.5 |
1.2 |
7.6 |
1.6 |
Luxembourg |
15.0 |
14.6 |
17.1 |
18.1 |
-8.4 |
7.2 |
-4.3 |
-11.5 |
1.1 |
-3.7 |
-4.5 |
5.7 |
4.5 |
-4.0 |
-5.3 |
-2.8 |
4.2 |
-16.0 |
6.8 |
-3.9 |
Hungary |
5.2 |
17.3 |
13.7 |
19.2 |
15.8 |
4.3 |
-17.2 |
12.7 |
6.9 |
-1.5 |
0.1 |
3.8 |
5.2 |
4.0 |
4.1 |
2.6 |
3.2 |
-5.0 |
5.0 |
3.5 |
Malta |
-0.1 |
7.0 |
22.9 |
8.0 |
9.1 |
-10.4 |
-18.0 |
22.4 |
4.0 |
14.4 |
-16.4 |
-16.6 |
6.2 |
26.7 |
-12.9 |
2.3 |
6.5 |
-13.3 |
3.7 |
8.3 |
Germany |
3.3 |
9.5 |
6.0 |
9.7 |
6.7 |
-0.5 |
-17.9 |
15.1 |
6.3 |
-0.6 |
-0.7 |
1.7 |
2.2 |
0.2 |
2.5 |
0.9 |
-2.9 |
-9.9 |
7.4 |
-0.9 |
Italy |
-1.9 |
5.1 |
1.3 |
5.8 |
5.2 |
-3.3 |
-19.0 |
10.4 |
4.7 |
0.0 |
-0.8 |
1.0 |
1.2 |
1.4 |
4.9 |
-0.2 |
-0.2 |
-10.3 |
11.0 |
4.3 |
Portugal |
5.1 |
0.0 |
7.8 |
9.2 |
5.3 |
-0.7 |
-15.1 |
11.7 |
7.8 |
2.7 |
4.7 |
1.8 |
3.1 |
2.0 |
5.1 |
1.9 |
2.3 |
-8.6 |
8.5 |
4.8 |
Romania |
8.5 |
14.6 |
9.9 |
9.8 |
16.1 |
8.2 |
-7.4 |
19.2 |
10.5 |
-2.9 |
11.7 |
6.8 |
2.9 |
5.9 |
6.5 |
2.0 |
-0.5 |
-9.9 |
9.2 |
8.8 |
Spain |
3.9 |
3.9 |
1.3 |
5.1 |
4.6 |
0.5 |
-11.0 |
12.0 |
8.2 |
1.0 |
7.4 |
3.3 |
2.9 |
3.6 |
3.3 |
0.8 |
0.4 |
-10.3 |
9.5 |
4.4 |
Sweden |
7.1 |
8.9 |
3.6 |
7.4 |
3.1 |
-0.7 |
-19.9 |
15.5 |
6.6 |
-3.0 |
-4.2 |
-0.3 |
2.1 |
0.9 |
3.4 |
1.8 |
-0.8 |
-3.2 |
6.2 |
1.0 |
Slovakia |
22.3 |
6.3 |
8.7 |
28.7 |
26.5 |
11.4 |
-13.0 |
21.3 |
10.3 |
9.5 |
4.5 |
4.5 |
2.4 |
0.9 |
0.6 |
3.1 |
-2.6 |
-6.4 |
8.0 |
3.1 |
Slovenia |
3.6 |
12.2 |
25.6 |
17.9 |
14.9 |
2.6 |
-16.5 |
12.2 |
6.9 |
-1.3 |
4.0 |
7.2 |
6.3 |
5.0 |
10.0 |
7.0 |
5.2 |
-2.2 |
11.3 |
13.7 |
EU27_2020 |
0.6 |
9.7 |
6.1 |
7.4 |
5.4 |
1.9 |
-15.2 |
15.0 |
7.8 |
4.1 |
1.4 |
0.5 |
0.8 |
0.4 |
3.9 |
1.6 |
0.0 |
-8.9 |
6.7 |
3.3 |
United Kingdom |
-1.7 |
1.6 |
7.6 |
14.1 |
-9.2 |
0.5 |
-10.9 |
10.4 |
6.5 |
-1.0 |
-0.7 |
1.4 |
3.6 |
0.8 |
7.0 |
0.2 |
1.9 |
-13.0 |
0.2 |
10.2 |
Norway |
0.1 |
-0.6 |
-1.0 |
-2.0 |
1.8 |
1.4 |
-4.3 |
-2.8 |
-3.6 |
1.0 |
-4.1 |
2.6 |
3.4 |
-1.7 |
1.7 |
0.7 |
-0.7 |
8.8 |
4.5 |
-7.7 |
Russia |
12.7 |
10.6 |
5.4 |
4.6 |
4.6 |
-1.2 |
-2.1 |
7.3 |
-2.0 |
-0.2 |
3.0 |
1.0 |
6.5 |
3.9 |
3.8 |
4.6 |
-3.0 |
-0.3 |
3.3 |
-4.7 |
Switzerland |
-0.9 |
5.6 |
4.8 |
10.0 |
7.1 |
1.8 |
-15.5 |
9.0 |
7.9 |
0.4 |
0.2 |
1.1 |
-1.5 |
-1.1 |
2.9 |
3.0 |
-0.5 |
-12.6 |
9.9 |
0.6 |
Türkiye |
16.3 |
14.6 |
9.7 |
12.5 |
11.3 |
6.5 |
-7.7 |
7.8 |
6.3 |
16.2 |
5.8 |
4.3 |
2.7 |
3.8 |
8.3 |
4.8 |
6.7 |
-4.9 |
21.1 |
4.8 |
Israel |
3.7 |
15.5 |
2.5 |
4.8 |
9.0 |
-2.7 |
-15.2 |
17.4 |
8.7 |
-10.1 |
3.6 |
3.8 |
-1.5 |
-3.0 |
-2.0 |
-1.0 |
-4.2 |
-8.8 |
14.4 |
-6.8 |
Japan |
9.2 |
13.3 |
5.2 |
11.3 |
9.3 |
2.3 |
-24.9 |
27.5 |
-0.6 |
-1.0 |
-1.9 |
1.6 |
2.2 |
2.3 |
6.0 |
2.6 |
-1.8 |
-8.0 |
11.9 |
1.9 |
Republic of Korea |
16.1 |
18.6 |
7.3 |
16.3 |
13.5 |
9.3 |
0.9 |
19.5 |
13.8 |
2.8 |
3.7 |
4.7 |
4.1 |
-0.1 |
6.3 |
1.8 |
-1.8 |
0.9 |
6.8 |
2.4 |
Brazil |
15.7 |
17.4 |
9.3 |
3.2 |
5.1 |
-3.0 |
-10.3 |
9.4 |
2.7 |
-0.5 |
0.1 |
0.3 |
8.5 |
3.0 |
8.5 |
2.5 |
-0.9 |
1.4 |
3.7 |
4.7 |
United States |
3.0 |
8.2 |
7.2 |
10.0 |
6.7 |
5.8 |
-14.0 |
15.5 |
7.3 |
3.9 |
2.6 |
3.1 |
-1.0 |
-0.2 |
4.0 |
4.1 |
-0.5 |
-10.8 |
8.1 |
4.1 |
Canada |
-2.4 |
4.3 |
2.3 |
1.6 |
2.1 |
-4.0 |
-15.1 |
6.9 |
5.3 |
3.7 |
2.7 |
7.0 |
6.6 |
-0.2 |
2.2 |
2.8 |
2.5 |
-6.1 |
1.1 |
1.0 |
Australia |
-1.4 |
4.7 |
3.5 |
2.1 |
2.5 |
5.7 |
-5.0 |
12.8 |
0.9 |
2.1 |
6.3 |
5.5 |
3.4 |
7.3 |
-0.4 |
5.1 |
0.5 |
-3.7 |
-1.7 |
-1.6 |
Source: Eurostat (Luxembourg); World Trade Organization (Genéve).
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