Country, group of countries |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2013 |
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
Austria |
4.6 |
9.7 |
2.6 |
4.6 |
6.2 |
0.2 |
-18.3 |
14.8 |
5.8 |
0.0 |
1.5 |
1.9 |
0.6 |
-1.3 |
4.9 |
2.2 |
0.6 |
-7.5 |
7.8 |
Belgium |
-0.3 |
7.4 |
3.6 |
4.4 |
5.0 |
-1.9 |
-11.1 |
8.4 |
3.9 |
-0.8 |
2.5 |
1.8 |
1.3 |
3.2 |
1.1 |
1.1 |
0.1 |
-6.0 |
13.8 |
Bulgaria |
12.2 |
11.1 |
10.9 |
13.7 |
8.6 |
8.3 |
-14.4 |
20.3 |
18.7 |
-0.8 |
11.5 |
1.1 |
5.3 |
7.6 |
9.6 |
-0.6 |
3.3 |
-5.3 |
7.3 |
Cyprus |
-2.9 |
81.5 |
51.4 |
-14.0 |
-6.3 |
0.3 |
-2.7 |
8.6 |
15.5 |
2.5 |
16.8 |
63.2 |
39.9 |
6.5 |
4.1 |
39.1 |
-11.8 |
1.3 |
11.0 |
Czechia |
5.9 |
24.3 |
10.0 |
16.7 |
15.2 |
6.1 |
-16.2 |
18.0 |
9.7 |
1.6 |
0.9 |
6.9 |
4.7 |
3.5 |
5.5 |
2.7 |
0.6 |
-6.8 |
6.3 |
Denmark |
-1.2 |
2.4 |
6.1 |
4.5 |
3.6 |
1.4 |
-11.0 |
1.9 |
3.5 |
-0.8 |
-0.1 |
1.7 |
0.8 |
0.9 |
2.7 |
0.7 |
0.8 |
-3.5 |
7.1 |
Estonia |
12.9 |
20.2 |
27.5 |
20.2 |
-0.8 |
1.0 |
-17.4 |
25.1 |
26.6 |
2.1 |
-0.5 |
-0.7 |
-2.3 |
3.3 |
4.8 |
7.7 |
-0.2 |
1.7 |
13.1 |
Finland |
3.1 |
5.1 |
-0.3 |
10.9 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
-26.2 |
6.6 |
1.2 |
-0.6 |
-0.1 |
1.2 |
-2.2 |
0.2 |
8.7 |
1.9 |
2.5 |
-6.9 |
6.3 |
France |
0.3 |
3.3 |
-0.3 |
1.3 |
0.1 |
-1.1 |
-15.0 |
9.7 |
2.9 |
0.0 |
-1.1 |
0.5 |
1.7 |
0.1 |
1.1 |
1.3 |
0.6 |
-16.7 |
8.5 |
Greece |
5.4 |
3.2 |
7.8 |
7.9 |
10.2 |
3.2 |
-4.0 |
5.5 |
3.4 |
10.6 |
1.9 |
3.3 |
5.5 |
6.3 |
3.1 |
8.5 |
2.5 |
2.3 |
9.4 |
Netherlands |
3.7 |
8.4 |
10.2 |
6.5 |
6.4 |
3.8 |
-10.9 |
12.4 |
0.5 |
2.1 |
0.4 |
0.5 |
2.7 |
3.2 |
6.6 |
2.5 |
1.8 |
-2.9 |
9.8 |
Croatia |
7.3 |
15.4 |
7.0 |
11.9 |
6.4 |
0.9 |
-14.3 |
13.0 |
1.0 |
-1.3 |
3.1 |
11.6 |
14.0 |
9.9 |
9.4 |
1.9 |
3.2 |
2.9 |
12.7 |
Ireland |
-7.4 |
5.4 |
3.3 |
-4.5 |
3.1 |
-3.7 |
-0.8 |
1.4 |
3.6 |
-3.7 |
-3.2 |
3.2 |
15.5 |
6.8 |
2.3 |
16.3 |
6.5 |
7.7 |
2.9 |
Poland |
12.6 |
20.9 |
14.3 |
17.8 |
11.5 |
7.7 |
-9.4 |
15.0 |
7.1 |
4.2 |
7.4 |
7.6 |
6.4 |
3.7 |
7.7 |
5.0 |
4.0 |
-0.3 |
10.9 |
Latvia |
11.2 |
19.2 |
28.6 |
12.3 |
11.7 |
9.3 |
-10.7 |
19.7 |
22.4 |
12.9 |
-0.7 |
3.1 |
2.2 |
2.8 |
8.3 |
3.9 |
2.2 |
3.4 |
8.6 |
Lithuania |
10.8 |
19.2 |
20.8 |
10.2 |
4.1 |
17.7 |
-14.6 |
18.5 |
13.5 |
8.7 |
8.0 |
1.9 |
-1.6 |
3.2 |
10.2 |
1.5 |
4.6 |
1.3 |
7.8 |
Luxembourg |
15.2 |
14.3 |
17.1 |
18.0 |
-8.4 |
7.2 |
-4.3 |
-11.5 |
0.6 |
-3.6 |
-4.4 |
5.9 |
4.5 |
-3.8 |
-5.5 |
-2.6 |
4.3 |
-16.1 |
5.7 |
Hungary |
5.4 |
17.2 |
13.7 |
19.0 |
15.5 |
4.1 |
-17.0 |
12.7 |
6.9 |
-1.5 |
0.1 |
3.8 |
5.2 |
4.0 |
4.1 |
2.4 |
3.2 |
-5.0 |
5.7 |
Malta |
-0.1 |
7.0 |
22.7 |
8.0 |
9.2 |
-10.5 |
-18.0 |
22.6 |
4.3 |
14.2 |
-16.4 |
-16.6 |
6.2 |
26.7 |
-12.9 |
2.3 |
6.5 |
-15.0 |
7.6 |
Germany |
3.3 |
10.0 |
6.0 |
9.7 |
6.6 |
-0.4 |
-18.0 |
15.1 |
6.3 |
-0.4 |
-0.8 |
1.7 |
2.5 |
0.4 |
3.2 |
0.8 |
-2.7 |
-10.0 |
7.3 |
Italy |
-1.9 |
5.2 |
1.1 |
5.8 |
5.3 |
-3.5 |
-18.8 |
10.4 |
4.4 |
0.0 |
-0.7 |
1.1 |
1.4 |
1.5 |
4.8 |
-0.2 |
-0.1 |
-10.0 |
10.4 |
Portugal |
5.1 |
0.0 |
7.8 |
9.2 |
5.3 |
-0.8 |
-15.0 |
11.7 |
7.8 |
2.7 |
4.7 |
1.8 |
3.1 |
2.0 |
5.2 |
1.8 |
2.3 |
-8.5 |
8.8 |
Romania |
8.8 |
14.6 |
9.9 |
9.6 |
16.1 |
8.2 |
-7.4 |
19.0 |
10.7 |
-2.9 |
11.7 |
6.8 |
3.0 |
6.0 |
6.4 |
2.0 |
-0.5 |
-9.9 |
9.4 |
Spain |
3.8 |
3.8 |
1.1 |
5.0 |
4.5 |
0.1 |
-11.0 |
11.6 |
8.6 |
0.6 |
9.0 |
3.7 |
4.0 |
3.7 |
3.0 |
0.9 |
0.4 |
-10.2 |
10.2 |
Sweden |
7.2 |
9.0 |
3.5 |
7.3 |
3.1 |
-0.8 |
-19.7 |
15.5 |
6.3 |
-2.8 |
-4.2 |
-0.2 |
2.2 |
1.1 |
3.5 |
1.8 |
-0.8 |
-3.1 |
6.5 |
Slovakia |
22.1 |
6.9 |
8.8 |
28.6 |
27.1 |
11.4 |
-13.0 |
21.1 |
10.4 |
9.4 |
4.5 |
4.7 |
2.4 |
0.9 |
0.6 |
3.4 |
-2.6 |
-6.4 |
8.5 |
Slovenia |
3.6 |
12.4 |
25.6 |
17.9 |
14.9 |
2.8 |
-16.5 |
12.2 |
6.9 |
-1.3 |
4.0 |
7.2 |
6.3 |
5.0 |
10.1 |
6.9 |
5.2 |
-2.2 |
11.9 |
EU27_2020 |
0.6 |
9.7 |
5.5 |
7.3 |
5.5 |
2.0 |
-15.3 |
15.1 |
7.8 |
4.2 |
1.7 |
0.6 |
1.0 |
0.6 |
3.9 |
1.5 |
0.0 |
-8.9 |
7.0 |
United Kingdom |
-5.2 |
-0.2 |
5.6 |
8.4 |
-11.0 |
-3.0 |
-15.6 |
10.9 |
8.2 |
-4.7 |
12.1 |
-6.0 |
7.4 |
-8.5 |
7.1 |
-0.7 |
-3.2 |
.. |
.. |
Norway |
0.0 |
0.9 |
0.0 |
-1.9 |
0.9 |
0.0 |
-2.8 |
-2.0 |
-3.0 |
1.0 |
-5.1 |
-3.8 |
-0.1 |
1.0 |
5.3 |
-1.0 |
-0.6 |
5.8 |
.. |
Russia |
26.7 |
35.3 |
33.3 |
26.3 |
.. |
.. |
11.5 |
33.0 |
29.5 |
1.6 |
0.8 |
-6.0 |
-30.9 |
-16.9 |
25.1 |
26.0 |
-5.8 |
-20.3 |
.. |
Switzerland |
0.0 |
5.7 |
3.6 |
14.8 |
0.0 |
3.0 |
-14.7 |
7.4 |
7.6 |
0.7 |
0.0 |
1.6 |
-0.9 |
-0.8 |
3.3 |
-0.4 |
-0.8 |
-9.9 |
.. |
Turkey |
21.1 |
13.6 |
10.4 |
12.3 |
11.3 |
6.8 |
-7.8 |
6.5 |
6.2 |
16.2 |
-0.6 |
5.3 |
1.0 |
3.7 |
8.8 |
-0.4 |
-0.8 |
-9.9 |
.. |
Israel |
4.1 |
14.9 |
2.6 |
4.2 |
10.5 |
-2.2 |
-17.2 |
18.9 |
9.1 |
-11.1 |
-10.9 |
23.0 |
-2.5 |
-2.4 |
-2.8 |
-0.2 |
-4.8 |
-8.7 |
.. |
Japan |
5.2 |
10.8 |
0.9 |
7.9 |
5.7 |
-1.5 |
-26.6 |
24.5 |
-4.3 |
-4.5 |
-1.9 |
0.6 |
-1.0 |
0.3 |
5.2 |
-2.8 |
0.6 |
-11.8 |
.. |
Republic of Korea |
16.7 |
22.6 |
9.2 |
13.5 |
10.4 |
6.3 |
0.8 |
22.0 |
13.8 |
5.6 |
4.7 |
4.3 |
2.5 |
1.0 |
5.3 |
7.5 |
-4.1 |
1.0 |
.. |
Brazil |
8.3 |
17.6 |
5.2 |
6.8 |
9.2 |
1.6 |
-3.1 |
14.5 |
4.2 |
0.5 |
2.2 |
3.3 |
10.6 |
3.1 |
6.8 |
4.7 |
120.6 |
.. |
.. |
United States |
3.3 |
8.6 |
7.9 |
10.1 |
6.7 |
5.5 |
-14.8 |
15.7 |
6.8 |
4.2 |
2.7 |
4.9 |
-0.3 |
0.3 |
4.1 |
4.6 |
6.5 |
-5.2 |
.. |
Canada |
-2.1 |
7.4 |
2.0 |
1.0 |
1.9 |
-7.6 |
-16.5 |
12.3 |
6.6 |
4.2 |
2.0 |
6.1 |
4.5 |
1.1 |
4.8 |
2.5 |
2.5 |
-6.8 |
.. |
Australia |
-1.9 |
3.9 |
12.3 |
18.5 |
2.1 |
32.6 |
-12.0 |
17.9 |
15.7 |
-7.4 |
6.1 |
1.4 |
-6.0 |
3.5 |
2.2 |
4.2 |
2.0 |
-4.2 |
.. |
Source: Eurostat (Luxembourg); Monthly Bulletin of Statistics Online (UN, New York)
.