Country, group of countries Employed, thousand persons, 2021 Employment rate, percent
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Austria 4,357 67.9 67.8 68.1 68.2 65.3 67.4 68.6 69.9 70.8 70.3 70.8 71.1 71.4 71.4 71.1 71.1 71.5 72.2 73.0 73.6 72.4 72.4 74.0
Belgium 4,921 60.9 59.7 59.7 59.3 60.5 61.1 61.0 62.0 62.4 61.6 62.0 61.9 61.8 61.8 61.9 61.8 62.3 63.1 64.5 65.3 64.7 65.3 66.5
Bulgaria 3,053 51.5 50.7 51.1 53.1 55.1 55.8 58.6 61.7 64.0 62.6 59.8 58.4 58.8 59.5 61.0 62.9 63.4 66.9 67.7 70.1 68.5 68.1 70.4
Cyprus 435 65.4 67.9 68.5 69.2 69.4 68.5 69.6 71.0 70.9 69.0 68.9 67.6 64.6 61.7 62.1 62.7 63.7 65.6 68.6 70.5 69.9 70.8 72.7
Czechia 5,022 64.9 65.0 65.5 64.9 64.1 64.8 65.3 66.1 66.6 65.4 65.0 65.7 66.5 67.7 69.0 70.2 72.0 73.6 74.8 75.1 74.4 74.4 75.5
Denmark 2,864 76.4 75.9 76.4 75.1 76.0 75.9 77.4 77.0 76.3 73.5 71.8 71.6 71.0 70.7 71.1 72.0 72.7 73.2 74.1 75.0 74.4 75.5 76.8
Estonia 637 60.9 60.6 61.4 62.4 63.2 64.8 68.4 69.8 70.1 63.8 61.2 65.3 67.1 68.5 69.6 71.4 71.8 73.7 74.4 74.8 73.2 74.0 76.4
Finland 2,526 68.1 69.1 69.1 68.7 68.3 68.4 69.3 70.3 71.1 68.7 68.1 69.0 69.4 68.9 68.7 68.5 69.1 70.0 72.1 72.9 72.1 72.7 74.3
France 27,816 61.7 62.7 62.9 64.0 63.4 63.8 63.7 64.3 64.9 64.1 64.0 63.9 64.0 64.0 63.7 63.8 64.2 64.7 65.3 65.6 65.3 67.2 68.1
Greece 4,030 56.6 56.5 57.6 58.7 59.3 59.6 60.6 60.9 61.4 60.8 59.1 55.1 50.8 48.8 49.4 50.8 52.0 53.5 54.9 56.5 56.3 57.2 60.7
Netherlands 9,234 72.9 74.1 74.5 73.8 73.1 70.6 71.6 73.5 74.9 74.6 73.9 74.2 74.4 73.6 73.1 74.1 74.8 75.8 77.2 78.2 77.8 80.1 81.8
Croatia 1,671 .. .. 52.9 53.4 54.9 55.0 55.6 59.0 60.0 59.4 57.4 55.2 53.5 52.5 54.6 56.0 56.9 58.9 60.6 62.1 62.0 63.4 64.9
Ireland 2,446 64.5 65.2 65.1 65.1 65.5 67.6 68.7 71.7 69.7 63.6 61.0 60.0 59.9 61.7 63.1 64.8 66.4 67.7 68.6 69.5 67.7 69.8 73.2
Poland 16,301 55.1 53.7 51.7 51.4 51.4 52.8 54.5 57.0 59.2 59.3 58.9 59.3 59.7 60.0 61.7 62.9 64.5 66.1 67.4 68.2 68.7 70.3 71.3
Latvia 840 57.4 58.1 59.6 60.3 60.5 62.1 65.9 68.1 68.2 60.3 58.5 60.8 63.0 65.0 66.3 68.1 68.7 70.1 71.8 72.3 71.6 69.9 71.3
Lithuania 1,354 59.6 58.1 60.6 62.8 61.8 62.9 63.6 65.0 64.4 59.9 57.6 60.2 62.0 63.7 65.7 67.2 69.4 70.4 72.4 73.0 71.6 72.4 73.8
Luxembourg 309 62.7 63.0 63.6 62.2 62.5 63.6 63.6 64.2 63.4 65.2 65.2 64.6 65.8 65.7 66.6 66.1 65.6 66.3 67.1 67.9 67.2 69.4 70.1
Hungary 4,586 55.9 56.1 56.2 57.0 56.6 56.9 57.4 57.0 56.4 55.0 54.9 55.4 56.7 58.1 61.8 63.9 66.5 68.2 69.2 70.1 69.7 73.1 74.4
Malta 276 54.5 54.7 55.0 54.6 53.4 53.6 53.9 55.0 55.5 55.3 56.2 57.9 59.9 62.2 63.9 65.1 67.2 69.2 71.9 73.1 73.7 75.5 77.6
Germany 40,992 65.3 65.7 65.4 64.9 64.3 65.5 67.2 69.0 70.1 70.3 71.3 72.7 73.0 73.5 73.8 74.0 74.7 75.2 75.9 76.7 75.4 75.6 76.9
Italy 22,413 53.4 54.5 55.4 56.1 57.8 57.6 58.3 58.6 58.6 57.4 56.8 56.8 56.6 55.5 55.7 56.3 57.2 58.0 58.5 59.0 58.1 58.2 60.1
Portugal 4,699 68.2 68.9 69.1 68.1 67.8 67.3 67.6 67.6 68.0 66.1 65.3 63.8 61.4 60.6 62.6 63.9 65.2 67.8 69.7 70.5 69.0 70.1 71.7
Romania 7,728 64.2 63.3 58.6 58.7 58.7 57.6 58.8 58.8 59.0 58.6 60.2 59.3 60.2 60.1 61.0 61.4 61.6 63.9 64.8 65.8 65.6 61.9 63.1
Spain 20,082 56.1 57.7 59.0 60.1 61.1 63.6 65.0 65.8 64.5 60.0 58.8 58.0 55.8 54.8 56.0 57.8 59.5 61.1 62.4 63.3 60.9 62.7 64.4
Sweden 4,993 71.1 74.4 74.0 73.6 72.4 72.3 73.1 74.2 74.3 72.2 72.1 73.6 73.8 74.4 74.9 75.5 76.2 76.9 77.4 77.1 75.5 75.4 77.1
Slovakia 2,560 56.3 56.7 56.5 57.9 56.7 57.7 59.4 60.7 62.3 60.2 58.8 59.3 59.7 59.9 61.0 62.7 64.9 66.2 67.6 68.4 67.5 69.4 71.3
Slovenia 967 62.7 63.6 64.3 62.5 65.6 66.0 66.6 67.8 68.6 67.5 66.2 64.4 64.1 63.3 63.9 65.2 65.8 69.3 71.1 71.8 70.9 71.4 73.1
EU27_2020 197,112 .. .. 61.2 61.4 61.5 62.1 63.2 64.3 64.8 63.6 63.3 63.4 63.2 63.1 63.8 64.6 65.6 66.7 67.7 68.4 67.5 68.3 69.8
United Kingdom
31,382a
 71.0 71.3 71.2 71.4 71.6 71.8 71.6 71.5 71.5 69.9 69.4 69.3 69.9 70.5 71.9 72.7 73.5 74.1 74.7 75.2 .. .. ..
North Macedonia
784b
 .. .. .. .. .. .. 39.6 40.7 41.9 43.3 43.5 43.9 44.0 46.0 46.9 47.8 49.1 50.5 51.7 54.7 54.7 .. ..
Norway 2,729 77.9 77.5 77.3 75.6 75.3 74.8 75.4 76.8 78.0 76.4 75.3 75.3 75.7 75.4 75.2 74.8 74.3 74.0 74.8 75.3 74.7 76.3 77.7
Russia
70,619b
 63.3 63.2 64.5 64.1 65.5 66.3 66.8 68.5 68.6 66.9 67.3 68.0 69.0 68.8 69.3 69.3 70.0 70.3 71.0 70.8 70.0 71.7 72.7
Switzerland 4,542 78.3 79.1 78.9 77.9 77.4 77.2 77.9 78.6 79.5 79.0 77.3 78.3 78.5 78.4 78.8 79.2 79.6 79.8 80.1 80.5 79.9 79.3 79.5
Türkiye
26,053b
 .. .. .. .. .. .. 44.6 44.6 44.9 44.3 46.3 48.4 48.9 49.5 49.5 50.2 50.6 51.5 52.0 50.3 47.5 .. ..
Israel 3,681 62.1 61.6 60.1 60.1 61.0 62.3 63.1 64.5 65.5 64.3 65.2 65.8 68.0 68.5 69.3 69.8 70.2 70.6 70.6 70.5 68.6 68.3 70.8
Japan 57,550 68.9 68.8 68.3 68.4 68.7 69.3 70.0 70.7 70.7 70.0 70.1 70.3 70.5 71.7 72.7 73.3 74.3 75.3 76.8 77.7 77.3 77.7 78.4
Republic of Korea 24,182 62.1 62.8 63.9 63.5 64.3 64.2 64.4 64.6 64.4 63.5 63.8 64.4 64.7 65.0 66.0 66.3 66.4 67.0 66.9 67.1 66.2 66.9 68.9
United Statesc 142,452 74.1 73.1 71.9 71.2 71.2 71.5 72.0 71.8 70.9 67.6 66.7 66.7 67.1 67.4 68.2 68.7 69.3 70.1 70.7 71.4 67.1 69.4 71.3
Canada 17,991 70.9 70.8 71.4 72.2 72.5 72.4 72.8 73.5 73.5 71.5 71.5 72.0 72.3 72.7 72.5 72.7 72.7 73.6 74.0 74.6 70.1 73.5 75.6
Mexico 52,294 60.1 59.4 58.7 58.8 59.1 60.1 61.0 61.0 60.7 59.8 59.7 60.0 60.9 60.8 60.4 60.8 61.1 61.2 61.6 62.3 57.5 61.0 62.5
Australia 12,429 69.1 69.0 69.4 70.0 70.3 71.6 72.1 72.8 73.2 72.0 72.4 72.7 72.3 72.0 71.6 72.2 72.4 73.0 73.8 74.3 72.7 75.0 77.2
New Zealand 2,597 70.3 71.4 72.1 72.2 73.2 74.2 74.8 75.1 74.6 72.8 72.2 72.5 72.0 72.7 74.2 74.2 75.6 76.9 77.5 77.5 76.8 78.3 79.7

Footnotes

*Download date: 20 September 2023.
a2019.
b2020.
cData refer to the population aged 16–64.
Source: Eurostat (Luxembourg); ILOSTAT (ILO, Geneva)

Explanation of symbols

..
Datum not available.
__, |
Break in series (limited comparability).
green number
Revised datum.
.