Country, group of countries 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
Quarter 1 Quarter 2 Quarter 3 Quarter 4 Quarter 1 Quarter 2 Quarter 3 Quarter 4 Quarter 1 Quarter 2 Quarter 3 Quarter 4 Quarter 1 Quarter 2 Quarter 3 Quarter 4 Quarter 1 Quarter 2 Quarter 3 Quarter 4
Austria 5.3 4.3 4.8 4.8 5.6 4.8 5.2 5.0 5.5 5.0 5.2 5.2 6.1 5.6 5.5 5.7 6.4
Belgium 5.4 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.5 5.6 5.5 5.8 5.4 6.0 5.9 6.2 5.9 6.5 6.5 6.3
Bulgaria 4.8 4.6 3.6 3.8 4.5 4.7 4.1 4.3 5.1 4.3 3.7 3.9 3.9 3.7 3.5 3.2 3.2
Cyprus 6.5 6.4 6.2 6.5 6.8 5.7 5.6 5.4 5.8 4.7 4.5 4.6 5.1 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.1
Czechia 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.8 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.8 3.0 3.0 3.2
Denmark 4.7 4.0 4.8 4.7 5.1 4.7 5.0 6.0 6.1 5.9 6.6 6.6 6.7 6.2 6.6 6.6 7.5
Estonia 5.8 6.1 5.9 5.6 5.4 7.0 7.5 6.6 8.1 7.9 7.8 7.7 8.8 7.9 7.4 6.7 7.3
Finland 7.2 7.3 6.8 6.3 7.2 8.1 7.0 7.0 8.5 9.5 8.0 8.2 9.8 10.4 9.4 9.8 10.9
France 7.6 7.2 7.4 7.4 7.3 7.0 7.6 7.8 7.7 7.1 7.6 7.5 7.6 7.3 7.9 8.1 8.3
Greece 13.9 12.5 11.8 12.1 11.9 11.3 10.9 10.6 12.3 9.9 9.1 9.6 10.5 8.7 8.2 8.4 10.8
Netherlands 3.6 3.3 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.4 3.6 3.4 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.6 4.0 3.7 4.0 3.9 4.2
Croatia 7.1 7.1 6.5 6.8 7.5 5.7 5.6 6.1 5.6 4.6 5.0 5.1 5.6 4.9 4.2 5.0 5.6
Ireland 4.9 4.6 4.5 4.2 4.1 4.5 4.8 4.3 4.2 4.7 4.6 4.2 4.4 5.0 5.4 4.5 5.0
Poland 3.1 2.7 3.0 2.9 3.0 2.6 2.8 3.1 3.2 2.7 3.0 2.8 3.5 2.9 3.2 3.2 3.3
Latvia 7.5 6.9 7.1 6.9 6.7 6.6 6.7 7.1 7.6 7.3 7.0 7.2 7.9 7.0 7.3 7.0 7.4
Lithuania 6.6 5.5 6.1 6.7 8.1 6.2 6.5 7.8 8.5 7.2 7.2 6.8 7.2 7.3 6.9 7.1 7.7
Luxembourg 4.1 4.5 5.1 4.6 4.9 4.9 5.5 5.5 5.6 6.3 7.0 6.8 6.2 6.4 6.2 7.3 7.2
Hungary 3.7 3.2 3.6 3.9 4.1 3.9 4.1 4.5 4.7 4.4 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.6 4.6 4.4 4.7
Malta 3.6 3.8 3.4 3.2 3.4 3.8 3.7 3.2 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.0 2.9 3.4 3.5
Germany 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.9 3.9 4.1 3.8 4.1
Italy 8.9 8.1 7.8 8.1 8.5 7.6 7.4 7.7 7.9 6.8 5.7 6.2 7.0 6.7 5.8 5.7 5.5
Portugal 6.2 6.1 6.1 6.8 7.4 6.2 6.3 6.8 7.0 6.3 6.3 6.9 6.8 6.1 5.9 5.9 6.3
Romania 6.0 5.3 5.4 5.8 5.8 5.4 5.4 5.9 5.3 5.0 5.6 5.9 6.2 6.0 6.0 6.3 6.5
Spain 13.8 12.8 12.8 13.1 13.5 11.7 12.0 11.9 12.4 11.4 11.3 10.7 11.4 10.4 10.6 10.0 10.9
Sweden 8.3 8.6 6.7 6.9 8.0 8.5 7.3 7.6 8.9 9.3 8.0 8.0 9.5 9.6 8.4 8.6 9.2
Slovakia 6.4 6.2 6.1 6.1 6.3 5.8 6.0 5.7 5.7 5.3 5.5 5.3 5.4 5.3 5.6 5.7 6.0
Slovenia 4.3 4.2 4.0 3.4 3.7 3.5 3.9 3.4 3.4 3.3 4.4 3.4 3.9 3.1 4.2 4.0 4.2
EUa 6.6 6.1 6.2 6.2 6.4 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.4 6.0 5.9 5.9 6.4 6.0 6.1 6.0 6.3

Footnotes

*Download date: 20 July 2026.
aThe EU designation means for EU27_2020.
Source: Eurostat (Luxembourg).
.