Country, group of countries | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
volume change (on previous year, per cent) | as % of GDP | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Austria | 3.1 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 1.7 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 0.5 | -0.1 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 1.1 | 0.5 | -8.0 | 3.6 | 4.8 | 51.0 |
Belgium | 2.8 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 0.6 | 3.0 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 0.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.7 | -8.3 | 5.5 | 4.1 | 50.6 |
Bulgaria | 9.0 | 7.7 | 5.7 | 6.5 | 9.5 | 7.3 | 8.5 | 11.5 | 3.5 | -4.3 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 3.7 | -3.9 | 1.4 | 2.8 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 3.7 | 6.0 | -0.6 | 8.8 | 4.8 | 59.8 |
Cyprus | 8.0 | 5.5 | 3.1 | 4.4 | 7.2 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 9.7 | 8.2 | -6.5 | 4.9 | -0.9 | -2.8 | -7.0 | 0.0 | 3.1 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 5.1 | 3.9 | -6.8 | 4.5 | 7.7 | 61.3 |
Czechia | 1.5 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 5.1 | 2.9 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 3.0 | -0.5 | 1.4 | 0.4 | -1.1 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 2.7 | -7.2 | 4.1 | -0.9 | 46.9 |
Denmark | 0.4 | 0.2 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 4.6 | 3.7 | 2.9 | 1.8 | 0.5 | -3.4 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 3.5 | 1.6 | -1.4 | 4.2 | -2.3 | 42.8 |
Estonia | 7.0 | 6.9 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 8.1 | 9.7 | 12.9 | 8.4 | -4.5 | -13.9 | -1.3 | 3.1 | 4.4 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 4.9 | 4.5 | 2.5 | 4.8 | 4.6 | -1.0 | 6.4 | 2.3 | 50.0 |
Finland | 2.1 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 3.2 | 3.9 | 3.5 | 2.0 | -2.9 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 0.4 | -0.5 | 0.6 | 1.6 | 2.4 | 0.8 | 1.7 | 0.7 | -3.8 | 3.6 | 2.1 | 51.9 |
France | 3.7 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 1.9 | 0.6 | -0.4 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 1.8 | -6.7 | 5.3 | 2.9 | 53.9 |
Greece | 2.5 | 3.6 | 5.1 | 4.5 | 3.6 | 3.2 | 2.8 | 4.1 | 3.6 | -1.7 | -6.5 | -8.7 | -7.6 | -3.4 | -0.1 | -0.3 | -0.6 | 2.5 | 1.7 | 1.9 | -7.7 | 5.8 | 7.8 | 68.7 |
Netherlands | 3.7 | 2.0 | 1.2 | -0.1 | 0.8 | 0.9 | -0.2 | 1.9 | 0.9 | -1.9 | 0.1 | 0.1 | -1.1 | -1.0 | 0.4 | 2.0 | 1.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 0.9 | -6.4 | 3.6 | 6.5 | 43.7 |
Croatia | 4.5 | 5.2 | 9.5 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 1.3 | 5.0 | 3.0 | -8.9 | -1.5 | 1.1 | -2.4 | -1.6 | -2.5 | 0.4 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 4.1 | -5.1 | 9.9 | 5.1 | 58.2 |
Ireland | 10.4 | 4.7 | 3.6 | 2.8 | 3.8 | 7.0 | 6.4 | 6.7 | 0.2 | -5.3 | 0.3 | -1.3 | -0.7 | 0.3 | 2.7 | 3.1 | 4.6 | 2.3 | 3.7 | 2.5 | -11.9 | 4.7 | 6.6 | 22.8 |
Poland | 2.9 | 2.0 | 3.9 | 1.4 | 4.3 | 1.8 | 4.7 | 5.6 | 6.7 | 3.4 | 2.9 | 2.4 | 0.9 | -0.1 | 3.2 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 6.2 | 4.6 | 3.4 | -3.4 | 6.1 | 3.3 | 56.8 |
Latvia | 2.1 | 5.1 | 6.2 | 8.1 | 10.2 | 10.4 | 18.4 | 11.3 | -8.3 | -15.7 | 2.1 | -0.3 | 5.6 | 6.5 | 0.7 | 2.1 | 3.4 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 0.2 | -4.6 | 8.1 | 8.1 | 60.7 |
Lithuania | 6.9 | 4.2 | 6.0 | 11.4 | 10.9 | 11.6 | 9.1 | 12.5 | 3.9 | -17.4 | -3.1 | 4.3 | 3.1 | 4.3 | 3.7 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 2.7 | -2.4 | 8.0 | 0.5 | 58.5 |
Luxembourg | 5.1 | 3.3 | 5.2 | 2.4 | 1.2 | -0.5 | 4.1 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 3.3 | 1.7 | 2.4 | 0.8 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.4 | 3.0 | 2.6 | 2.3 | -7.3 | 9.5 | 2.8 | 30.4 |
Hungary | 3.1 | 4.5 | 7.9 | 8.4 | 2.0 | 2.9 | 1.5 | 1.0 | -1.3 | -6.7 | -1.2 | 0.9 | -2.2 | -0.1 | 2.4 | 3.8 | 4.7 | 5.0 | 5.1 | 5.0 | -1.2 | 4.6 | 6.4 | 49.9 |
Malta | .. | 2.3 | -2.2 | 5.4 | 2.8 | 4.3 | 2.6 | 1.6 | -0.4 | 1.1 | 2.0 | 3.4 | 0.6 | 3.0 | 2.7 | 2.3 | 3.0 | 5.5 | 10.0 | 4.0 | -10.6 | 8.2 | 9.8 | 43.3 |
Germany | 1.6 | 1.2 | -1.4 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.3 | -0.2 | 0.3 | -0.1 | 0.7 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 1.9 | 2.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.6 | -5.7 | 0.4 | 4.9 | 51.2 |
Italy | 2.7 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.2 | -1.1 | -1.5 | 1.1 | 0.1 | -3.7 | -2.4 | 0.2 | 1.8 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 0.9 | 0.2 | -10.4 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 60.3 |
Portugal | 3.7 | 0.9 | 1.3 | -0.3 | 2.6 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 2.5 | 1.4 | -2.3 | 2.4 | -3.7 | -5.3 | -1.0 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 2.6 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 3.3 | -7.0 | 4.7 | 5.8 | 64.0 |
Romania | 1.5 | 8.3 | 7.1 | 8.4 | 15.8 | 11.2 | 10.2 | 13.8 | 8.7 | -6.4 | -5.0 | 4.5 | 1.9 | -5.0 | 4.1 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 11.6 | 9.4 | 3.4 | -3.9 | 8.1 | 5.5 | 63.4 |
Spain | 4.4 | 3.9 | 3.1 | 2.4 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 3.4 | -0.7 | -3.6 | 0.4 | -2.5 | -3.3 | -2.9 | 1.7 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 3.0 | 1.7 | 1.1 | -12.2 | 6.0 | 4.4 | 57.0 |
Sweden | 5.4 | 0.8 | 2.3 | 1.6 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 0.4 | 1.0 | 4.2 | 2.0 | 0.7 | 1.8 | 2.9 | 3.9 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 1.8 | 0.7 | -3.2 | 6.3 | 1.9 | 43.8 |
Slovakia | 2.5 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 0.9 | 7.3 | 4.5 | 6.3 | 7.9 | 7.0 | -0.2 | 0.8 | -1.9 | 0.4 | -1.2 | 1.9 | 2.8 | 3.9 | 4.6 | 4.1 | 2.7 | -1.1 | 2.6 | 5.5 | 61.5 |
Slovenia | -0.1 | 2.9 | 2.4 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 1.3 | 6.5 | 2.9 | 2.1 | 1.0 | 0.8 | -2.2 | -3.9 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 4.4 | 1.9 | 3.5 | 5.3 | -6.9 | 9.5 | 8.9 | 55.0 |
EU27_2020 | 2.9 | 1.9 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 0.6 | -1.1 | 0.9 | 0.3 | -0.8 | -0.6 | 1.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 1.9 | 1.5 | -7.1 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 52.3 |
United Kingdom | 4.6 | 3.4 | 2.9 | 3.5 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 0.7 | 3.1 | -0.6 | -3.0 | 2.0 | -0.3 | 1.7 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.6 | 1.9 | 2.5 | 1.1 | -13.2 | 6.2 | .. | 60.4a |
Norway | 4.2 | 2.1 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 5.4 | 4.4 | 5.0 | 5.3 | 1.7 | 0.0 | 3.8 | 2.4 | 3.5 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 2.7 | 1.1 | 2.2 | 1.4 | 1.0 | -6.2 | 4.4 | 6.9 | 32.4 |
Russia | 7.1b |
9.3b |
8.3b |
7.5b |
11.9b |
11.7b |
12.0b |
14.2b |
10.4b |
-5.1b |
5.5b |
7.2b |
7.5 | 5.1 | -0.3 | -7.7 | -1.4 | 3.2 | 3.6 | 3.4 | -5.1 | 7.4 | .. | 50.2a |
Switzerland | 2.3 | 2.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 1.9 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 1.2 | -4.1 | 1.6 | 4.0 | 50.4 |
Serbia | 5.1 | 1.6 | 9.2 | 2.7 | 12.7 | 2.4 | 10.5 | 7.7 | 4.5 | -3.3 | -0.6 | 1.4 | -1.7 | -1.7 | -0.1 | -0.6 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 3.1 | 3.7 | -1.9 | 7.8 | 3.7 | 67.6 |
Türkiye | 4.5 | -6.7 | 4.0 | 8.1 | 9.6 | 6.3 | 3.7 | 5.3 | 0.3 | -3.7 | 10.8 | 12.2 | 3.1 | 7.5 | 3.1 | 5.3 | 3.8 | 5.9 | 0.6 | 1.5 | 3.3 | 15.3 | 19.6 | 57.8 |
Israel | 8.4 | 4.0 | 1.6 | 0.3 | 5.3 | 3.4 | 5.2 | 7.4 | 2.1 | 1.0 | 4.8 | 4.2 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 6.2 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 4.0 | -7.9 | 11.1 | 7.7 | 49.6 |
Japan | 1.5 | 2.1 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 0.9 | 0.8 | -1.1 | -0.9 | 2.3 | -0.5 | 2.0 | 2.6 | -0.9 | -0.2 | -0.4 | 1.1 | 0.2 | -0.6 | -4.7 | 0.4 | .. | 53.5a |
China | 10.9 | 7.0 | 9.1 | 6.4 | 7.7 | 10.2 | 8.4 | 11.8 | 8.0 | 10.2 | 9.2 | 11.9 | 8.6 | 7.1 | 8.3 | 7.6 | 8.5 | 7.3 | 7.8 | 6.4 | -0.3 | 9.8 | .. | 38.4a |
Republic of Korea | 9.3 | 5.8 | 9.0 | -0.4 | 0.4 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 5.3 | 1.6 | 0.2 | 4.4 | 2.9 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 2.1 | -4.8 | 3.7 | .. | 46.1a |
South Africa | 4.1 | 3.5 | 3.2 | 2.8 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 8.8 | 6.5 | 1.2 | -2.6 | 5.7 | 4.1 | 3.2 | 1.6 | 0.7 | 2.2 | 0.7 | 1.7 | 2.7 | 1.2 | -5.9 | 5.6 | 2.6 | 63.1 |
United States | 5.0 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 3.2 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 2.9 | 2.4 | 0.2 | -1.3 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.9 | 2.0 | -3.0 | 8.3 | .. | 68.2a |
Canada | 4.1 | 2.4 | 4.0 | 2.7 | 3.1 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 3.0 | 0.1 | 3.6 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 3.7 | 2.6 | 1.5 | -6.1 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 54.3 |
Mexico | 7.1 | 2.5 | 1.7 | 2.2 | 4.8 | 2.8 | 4.1 | 2.5 | 0.7 | -6.3 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 2.3 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 2.7 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 2.6 | 0.4 | -10.3 | 7.6 | .. | 65.3a |
Australia | 3.3 | 3.0 | 4.3 | 5.3 | 4.5 | 3.3 | 5.3 | 4.8 | 0.3 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 2.8 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 1.6 | -3.0 | 1.1 | 3.8 | .. | 48.8a |
New Zealand | 1.4 | 2.7 | 5.0 | 6.2 | 5.3 | 4.6 | 2.9 | 3.8 | -0.8 | 1.5 | 2.2 | 3.2 | 2.3 | 3.8 | 3.3 | 4.2 | 6.4 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 2.4 | -0.4 | 5.9 | .. | 57.5a |
* | Including non-profit institutions serving households. Download date: 16 June 2023. |
---|---|
a | 2021. |
b | Estimated figure. |