Country, group of countries Unemployed, thousand persons, 2022 Unemployment rate, per cent
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Austria 4,357 4.7 4.0 4.9 4.8 5.9 5.7 5.3 4.9 4.2 5.4 4.9 4.6 4.9 5.4 5.7 5.8 6.1 5.6 4.9 4.6 5.4 6.3 4.8
Belgium 4,921 6.6 6.2 6.9 7.7 7.4 8.5 8.3 7.5 7.0 8.0 8.4 7.2 7.6 8.5 8.6 8.6 7.9 7.1 6.0 5.4 5.6 6.3 5.6
Bulgaria 3,053 16.4 20.0 18.3 13.9 12.2 10.2 9.0 6.9 5.7 6.9 10.3 11.4 12.4 13.0 11.5 9.2 7.7 6.2 5.3 4.3 5.2 5.3 4.3
Cyprus 435 5.1 4.0 3.4 4.2 4.4 5.4 4.7 4.0 3.8 5.5 6.5 8.1 12.1 16.1 16.3 15.2 13.2 11.3 8.6 7.3 7.8 7.7 6.9
Czechia 5,022 8.8 8.0 7.1 7.6 8.3 8.0 7.2 5.4 4.4 6.8 7.4 6.8 7.0 7.0 6.2 5.1 4.0 2.9 2.3 2.1 2.6 2.9 2.3
Denmark 2,864 4.5 4.2 4.3 5.5 5.3 4.9 4.0 3.8 3.7 6.5 7.9 7.9 8.0 7.6 7.1 6.5 6.2 6.0 5.3 5.1 5.8 5.1 4.5
Estonia 637 13.6 13.2 10.2 11.6 10.6 8.2 6.1 4.7 5.6 13.9 17.1 12.6 10.2 8.9 7.5 6.5 7.1 6.0 5.5 4.6 7.2 6.5 5.9
Finland 2,526 11.2 10.4 10.5 10.5 10.4 8.5 7.8 6.9 6.4 8.4 8.5 7.9 7.8 8.3 8.8 9.6 9.0 8.8 7.5 6.8 7.9 7.8 6.9
France 27,816 10.3 8.6 8.7 8.3 8.9 8.5 8.5 7.7 7.1 8.8 8.9 8.9 9.5 10.0 10.3 10.4 10.1 9.5 9.1 8.5 8.1 7.9 7.4
Greece 4,030 11.5 10.6 10.2 9.6 10.5 10.1 9.1 8.5 7.9 9.8 12.9 18.1 24.7 27.7 26.7 25.1 23.7 21.7 19.5 17.5 16.5 14.9 12.6
Netherlands 9,234 2.7 2.1 2.6 3.6 4.7 5.9 5.0 4.2 3.7 4.4 5.1 5.0 5.9 7.3 7.5 6.9 6.1 4.9 3.8 3.4 3.9 4.2 3.5
Croatia 1,671 .. .. 15.4 14.3 14.1 13.0 11.5 10.1 8.7 9.4 11.9 14.0 16.3 17.5 17.5 16.4 13.3 11.3 8.5 6.7 7.6 7.6 7.1
Ireland 2,446 4.4 3.7 4.3 4.6 4.6 4.4 4.5 5.1 6.9 12.8 14.8 15.7 15.8 14.0 12.1 10.1 8.6 6.9 5.9 5.1 5.8 6.3 4.6
Poland 16,301 16.6 18.7 20.2 19.7 19.4 18.0 14.0 9.7 7.2 8.3 9.7 9.8 10.2 10.5 9.1 7.6 6.2 5.0 3.9 3.3 3.2 3.4 2.9
Latvia 840 14.5 14.1 14.0 12.2 11.9 10.2 7.2 6.2 8.0 18.0 19.8 16.5 15.3 12.1 11.1 10.1 9.9 8.9 7.6 6.5 8.4 7.9 7.1
Lithuania 1,354 16.3 17.1 13.2 13.0 10.8 8.4 5.8 4.3 5.9 14.0 18.1 15.7 13.6 12.0 10.9 9.3 8.1 7.3 6.3 6.5 8.8 7.4 6.2
Luxembourg 309 2.4 1.8 2.6 3.7 5.1 4.5 4.7 4.1 5.1 5.2 4.4 4.9 5.2 5.9 5.9 6.7 6.3 5.5 5.6 5.6 6.8 5.3 4.6
Hungary 4,586 6.6 5.7 5.6 5.8 5.9 7.2 7.5 7.5 7.9 10.1 11.3 11.1 11.1 10.2 7.8 6.8 5.1 4.2 3.7 3.5 4.3 4.1 3.7
Malta 276 6.4 7.2 7.0 7.5 7.4 7.0 6.8 6.5 6.0 6.9 6.9 6.4 6.3 6.2 5.8 5.4 4.7 4.1 3.7 3.7 4.4 3.4 3.0
Germany 40,992 8.0 7.8 8.6 9.9 10.8 11.3 10.4 8.8 7.6 7.9 7.1 5.9 5.5 5.3 5.1 4.7 4.2 3.8 3.5 3.2 3.9 3.7 3.2
Italy 22,413 11.0 9.7 9.3 9.0 8.0 7.8 6.9 6.2 6.8 7.9 8.5 8.5 10.8 12.3 12.9 12.1 11.9 11.4 10.8 10.2 9.4 9.7 8.2
Portugal 4,699 4.0 4.1 4.8 6.5 6.7 8.0 8.1 8.5 8.0 10.0 11.4 13.3 16.3 17.0 14.5 12.9 11.5 9.2 7.3 6.7 7.1 6.7 6.2
Romania 7,728 7.7 7.3 8.8 7.4 8.1 7.5 7.6 6.8 6.1 7.2 7.3 7.5 7.1 7.4 7.1 7.0 6.1 5.1 4.3 4.0 5.2 5.6 5.6
Spain 20,082 13.9 10.4 11.2 11.3 11.1 9.2 8.5 8.3 11.3 18.0 20.0 21.5 24.9 26.2 24.6 22.2 19.7 17.3 15.4 14.2 15.6 14.9 13.0
Sweden 4,993 5.5 4.8 5.0 5.6 6.8 7.6 7.1 6.2 6.3 8.5 8.8 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.1 7.6 7.1 6.9 6.5 7.0 8.5 9.0 7.6
Slovakia 2,560 19.1 19.4 18.7 17.2 18.6 16.3 13.4 11.2 9.5 12.1 14.4 13.7 14.0 14.3 13.2 11.5 9.7 8.2 6.6 5.8 6.8 6.9 6.2
Slovenia 967 7.1 5.8 6.1 6.6 6.1 6.7 6.1 5.0 4.5 6.0 7.4 8.3 9.0 10.3 9.9 9.1 8.1 6.7 5.2 4.5 5.0 4.8 4.0
EU27_2020 197,112 .. .. 9.7 9.8 10.0 9.7 8.7 7.5 7.3 9.3 10.0 10.0 11.0 11.5 11.0 10.2 9.3 8.3 7.4 6.8 7.2 7.2 6.3
United Kingdom
31,382a
 5.6 4.7 5.1 4.9 4.6 4.8 5.4 5.3 5.7 7.7 7.9 8.2 8.1 7.7 6.3 5.4 4.9 4.4 4.1 3.8 .. .. ..
North Macedonia
784b
 .. .. .. .. .. .. 36.3 35.2 34.0 32.3 32.2 31.6 31.2 29.1 28.1 26.3 24.0 22.5 21.0 17.4 16.6 .. ..
Norway 2,729 3.5 3.7 4.1 4.3 4.3 4.4 3.4 2.5 2.6 3.2 3.6 3.3 3.2 3.5 3.6 4.4 4.8 4.3 3.9 3.8 4.5 4.5 3.3
Russia 4,144 10.7 9.0 7.9 8.3 7.8 7.2 7.1 6.1 6.2 8.4 7.4 6.6 5.5 5.5 5.2 5.6 5.6 5.2 4.9 4.5 5.7 4.8 3.9
Switzerland 4,542 2.7 2.5 3.0 4.2 4.4 4.5 4.1 3.7 3.4 4.2 4.9 4.5 4.6 4.9 5.0 4.9 5.1 5.0 4.9 4.5 5.0 5.3 4.4
Türkiye
26,053b
 .. .. .. .. .. .. 8.9 9.1 9.9 12.8 10.9 9.0 8.3 8.9 10.1 10.4 11.1 11.1 11.1 14.0 13.4 .. ..
Israel 172 11.2 12.0 13.1 13.7 13.2 11.5 10.8 9.5 7.8 9.7 8.6 7.2 6.9 6.2 5.9 5.3 4.8 4.2 4.0 3.8 4.3 4.9 3.8
Japan 1,760 4.9 5.2 5.6 5.5 4.9 4.6 4.4 4.1 4.2 5.3 5.3 4.8 4.6 4.2 3.8 3.6 3.3 3.0 2.6 2.5 3.0 3.0 2.7
Republic of Korea 911 4.2 3.9 3.2 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.4 3.2 3.1 3.5 3.4 3.1 2.9 2.9 3.2 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.9 3.8 4.0 3.6 2.9
United Statesc 8,152 4.0 4.8 5.8 6.1 5.6 5.1 4.7 4.7 5.8 9.4 9.8 9.1 8.2 7.5 6.3 5.4 4.9 4.4 3.9 3.7 8.1 5.4 3.7
Canada 1,447 6.9 7.3 7.7 7.6 7.2 6.8 6.5 6.2 6.4 8.6 8.3 7.7 7.5 7.2 7.1 7.0 7.1 6.5 5.9 5.8 9.7 7.5 5.3
Mexico 2,313 2.6 2.6 3.1 3.6 4.1 3.7 3.7 3.8 4.0 5.5 5.5 5.3 5.0 5.1 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.4 3.6 4.6 4.2 3.4
Australia 691 6.4 6.8 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.1 4.8 4.4 4.3 5.7 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.8 6.2 6.2 5.9 5.8 5.5 5.3 6.6 5.3 3.8
New Zealand 108 6.2 5.5 5.4 4.8 4.1 3.9 3.9 3.8 4.3 6.3 6.8 6.7 7.2 6.1 5.7 5.6 5.4 5.0 4.5 4.3 4.8 4.0 3.5

Footnotes

*Download date: 21 September 2023.
a2019.
b2020.
cData refer to the population aged 16–64.
Source: Eurostat (Luxembourg); ILOSTAT (ILO, Geneva)

Explanation of symbols

..
Datum not available.
__, |
Break in series (limited comparability).
green number
Revised datum.
.