Country, group of countries 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Austria 8.01 8.04 8.08 8.12 8.17 8.23 8.27 8.30 8.32 8.34 8.36 8.39 8.43 8.48 8.55 8.64 8.74 8.80 8.84 8.88 8.92 8.96 9.04 9.13 9.18
Belgium 10.25 10.29 10.33 10.38 10.42 10.48 10.55 10.63 10.71 10.80 10.90 11.04 11.11 11.16 11.21 11.27 11.33 11.38 11.43 11.49 11.54 11.59 11.68 11.78 11.86
Bulgaria 8.17 8.01 7.84 7.78 7.72 7.66 7.60 7.55 7.49 7.44 7.40 7.35 7.31 7.16 7.07 6.98 6.89 6.80 6.71 6.62 6.55 6.51 6.47 6.45 6.44
Cyprus 0.69 0.70 0.71 0.72 0.73 0.74 0.75 0.77 0.79 0.81 0.83 0.85 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.87 0.87 0.88 0.90 0.91 0.92 0.94 0.96 0.97
Czechia 10.26 10.22 10.20 10.19 10.20 10.21 10.24 10.30 10.38 10.44 10.47 10.50 10.51 10.51 10.53 10.55 10.57 10.59 10.63 10.67 10.70 10.51 10.67 10.86 10.91
Denmark 5.34 5.36 5.38 5.39 5.40 5.42 5.44 5.46 5.49 5.52 5.55 5.57 5.59 5.61 5.64 5.68 5.73 5.76 5.79 5.81 5.83 5.86 5.90 5.95 5.98
Estonia 1.40 1.39 1.38 1.37 1.36 1.35 1.35 1.34 1.34 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.32 1.32 1.31 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.35 1.37 1.37
Finland 5.18 5.19 5.20 5.21 5.23 5.25 5.27 5.29 5.31 5.34 5.36 5.39 5.41 5.44 5.46 5.48 5.50 5.51 5.52 5.52 5.53 5.54 5.56 5.58 5.62
Francea 60.76 61.20 61.64 62.08 62.53 63.00 63.44 63.83 64.18 64.50 64.82 65.13 65.44 65.77 66.31 66.55 66.72 66.92 67.16 67.38 67.60 67.84 68.18 68.37 68.55
Greece 10.81 10.86 10.90 10.93 10.96 10.99 11.02 11.05 11.08 11.11 11.12 11.10 11.05 10.97 10.89 10.82 10.78 10.75 10.73 10.72 10.70 10.57 10.44 10.41
10.41b
Netherlands 15.93 16.05 16.15 16.23 16.28 16.32 16.35 16.38 16.45 16.53 16.62 16.69 16.75 16.80 16.87 16.94 17.03 17.13 17.23 17.34 17.44 17.53 17.70 17.88 17.99
Croatia
4.47c
 4.30 4.31 4.31 4.31 4.31 4.31 4.31 4.31 4.31 4.30 4.28 4.27 4.23 4.20 4.16 4.10 4.05 3.99 3.95 3.91 3.88 3.86 3.86 3.87
Ireland 3.81 3.87 3.93 4.00 4.07 4.16 4.27 4.40 4.49 4.54 4.56 4.58 4.60 4.62 4.66 4.70 4.76 4.83 4.90 4.98 5.04 5.11 5.21 5.31 5.40
Poland 38.26 38.25 38.23 38.20 38.18 38.17 38.14 38.12 38.13 38.15 38.04 38.06 38.06 38.04 38.01 37.99 37.97 37.97
37.97c
37.97c
37.52c
 36.98 36.82 36.69 36.56
Latvia 2.37 2.34 2.31 2.29 2.26 2.24 2.22 2.20 2.18 2.14 2.10 2.06 2.03 2.01 1.99 1.98 1.96 1.94 1.93 1.91 1.90 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.87
Lithuania 3.50 3.47 3.44 3.42 3.38 3.32 3.27 3.23 3.20 3.16 3.10 3.03 2.99 2.96 2.94 2.91 2.88 2.84 2.82 2.81 2.81 2.81 2.83 2.87 2.89
Luxembourg 0.44 0.44 0.45 0.45 0.46 0.47 0.47 0.48 0.49 0.50 0.51 0.52 0.53 0.54 0.56 0.57 0.58 0.60 0.61 0.62 0.63 0.64 0.65 0.67 0.68
Hungary 10.21 10.19 10.16 10.13 10.11 10.09 10.07 10.06 10.04 10.02 10.00 9.97 9.92 9.87 9.83 9.80 9.76 9.73 9.71 9.69 9.67 9.63 9.61 9.59 9.56
Malta 0.39 0.39 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.43 0.44 0.45 0.47 0.48 0.50 0.52 0.52 0.53 0.55 0.57
Germany 82.21 82.35 82.49 82.53 82.52 82.47 82.38 82.27 82.11 81.90 81.78 80.27 80.43 80.65 80.98 81.69 82.35 82.66 82.91 83.09 83.16 83.20 83.18 83.29 83.52
Italy 56.94 56.98 57.09 57.40 57.83 58.17 58.40 58.76 59.21 59.56 59.82 60.03 60.19 60.31 60.32 60.23 60.12 60.00 59.88 59.73 59.44 59.13 59.01 58.98 58.95
Portugal 10.29 10.36 10.42 10.46 10.48 10.50 10.52 10.54 10.56 10.57 10.57 10.57 10.53 10.47 10.42 10.38 10.36 10.34 10.33 10.35 10.38 10.41 10.47 10.58 10.69
Romania 22.44 22.13 21.73 21.57 21.45 21.32 21.19 20.88 20.54 20.37 20.25 20.15 20.06 19.98 19.91 19.82 19.70 19.59 19.47
19.37c
19.27c
19.12c
19.05c
19.06c
19.05c
Spain 40.57 40.85 41.43 42.19 42.92 43.65 44.40 45.23 45.95 46.36 46.58 46.74 46.77 46.60 46.46 46.42 46.46 46.57 46.78 47.12 47.36 47.44 47.79 48.35 48.85
Sweden 8.87 8.90 8.92 8.96 8.99 9.03 9.08 9.15 9.22 9.30 9.38 9.45 9.52 9.60 9.70 9.80 9.92 10.06 10.18 10.28 10.35 10.42 10.49 10.54 10.57
Slovakia 5.39 5.38 5.38 5.37 5.37 5.37 5.37 5.37 5.38 5.39 5.39 5.40 5.41 5.41 5.42 5.42 5.43 5.44 5.45 5.45 5.46 5.45 5.43 5.43 5.42
Slovenia 1.99 1.99 1.99 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.02 2.04 2.05 2.05 2.06 2.06 2.06 2.06 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.11 2.12 2.13
EUd
428.93b
 429.48 430.49 432.06 433.73 435.31 436.78 438.29 439.77 440.89 441.58 440.92 441.51
441.90c
442.60c
443.46c
444.34c
444.99c
445.73c
446.59c
446.56c
445.94c
446.85c
448.51c
449.84c
United Kingdom 58.89 59.12 59.37 59.65 59.99 60.40 60.85 61.32 61.81 62.28 62.77 63.26 63.71 64.14 64.62 65.09 65.61 65.97 66.29 66.63 66.74 66.98 67.60 68.49 69.23
Iceland 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.30 0.30 0.31 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.33 0.33 0.34 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.37 0.38 0.39 0.39
North Macedonia 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.04 2.04 2.04 2.05 2.05 2.06 2.06 2.06 2.06 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.08 2.08 2.07 1.95 1.83 1.83 1.82
Montenegro 0.60 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62
Norway 4.49 4.51 4.54 4.56 4.59 4.62 4.66 4.71 4.77 4.83 4.89 4.95 5.02 5.08 5.14 5.19 5.24 5.28 5.31 5.35 5.38 5.41 5.46 5.52 5.57
Russia 146.60 145.98 145.31 144.65 144.07 143.52 143.05 142.81 142.74 142.79 142.85 143.02 143.38 143.81 144.24 144.64 145.02 145.29 145.40 145.45 145.25 144.75 144.24 143.83 143.53
Switzerland 7.18 7.23 7.28 7.34 7.39 7.44 7.48 7.55 7.65 7.74 7.82 7.91 8.00 8.09 8.19 8.28 8.37 8.45 8.51 8.58 8.64 8.70 8.78 8.89 9.01
Serbia 7.52 7.50 7.50 7.48 7.46 7.44 7.41 7.38 7.35 7.32 7.29 7.23 7.20 7.16 7.13 7.10 7.06 7.02 6.98 6.95 6.90 6.83 6.72 6.62 6.59
Türkiye 65.81 65.17 66.00 66.79 67.60 68.44 69.30 70.16 71.05 72.04 73.14 74.22 75.18 76.15 77.18 78.22 79.28 80.31
81.41c
82.58c
 83.38 84.15 84.98 85.33 85.52
India 1,057.92 1,077.90 1,097.60 1,116.80 1,135.99 1,154.68 1,172.88 1,190.68 1,207.93 1,225.52 1,243.48 1,261.22 1,278.67 1,295.83 1,312.28 1,328.02 1,343.94 1,359.66 1,374.66 1,389.03 1,402.62 1,414.20 1,425.42 1,438.07 1,450.94
Israel 6.29 6.44 6.57 6.69 6.81 6.93 7.05 7.18 7.31 7.49 7.62 7.77 7.91 8.06 8.22 8.38 8.55 8.71 8.88 9.05 9.22 9.37 9.56 9.85 9.97
Japan 126.84 127.15 127.45 127.72 127.76 127.77 127.85 128.00 128.06 128.05 128.07 127.83 127.63 127.45 127.28 127.14 127.08 126.97 126.81 126.63 126.26 125.68 125.12 124.52 123.98
Chinae 1,262.65 1,271.85 1,280.40 1,288.40 1,296.08 1,303.72 1,311.02 1,317.89 1,324.66 1,331.26 1,337.71 1,345.04 1,354.19 1,363.24 1,371.86 1,379.86 1,387.79 1,396.22 1,402.76 1,407.75 1,411.10 1,412.36 1,412.18 1,410.71 1,408.98
Republic of Korea 47.01 47.37 47.64 47.89 48.08 48.18 48.44 48.68 49.05 49.31 49.55 49.94 50.20 50.43 50.75 51.01 51.22 51.36 51.59 51.76 51.84 51.77 51.67 51.71 51.75
South Africa 47.16 47.57 48.02 48.50 48.99 49.49 50.00 50.53 51.11 51.73 52.34 53.00 53.78 54.68 55.59 56.72 57.26 57.64 58.61 59.59 60.56 61.50 62.38 63.21 64.01
Egypt 73.08 74.65 76.24 77.85 79.48 81.10 82.70 84.28 85.86 87.50 89.20 91.09 93.16 95.33 97.53 99.60 101.64 103.70 105.68 107.55 109.32 110.96 112.62 114.54 116.54
Brazil 174.02 176.30 178.50 180.62 182.68 184.69 186.65 188.55 190.37 192.08 193.70 195.28 196.88 198.48 200.09 201.68 203.22 204.70 206.11 207.46 208.66 209.55 210.31 211.14 212.00
United States 282.16 284.97 287.63 290.11 292.81 295.52 298.38 301.23 304.09 306.77 309.38 311.84 314.34 316.73 319.26 321.82 324.35 326.61 328.53 330.23 331.58 332.10 334.02 336.81 340.11
Canada 30.69 31.02 31.36 31.64 31.94 32.24 32.57 32.89 33.25 33.63 34.01 34.34 34.71 35.08 35.43 35.70 36.11 36.55 37.07 37.62 38.03 38.24 38.94 40.08 41.29
Mexico 98.63 100.10 101.55 102.98 104.39 105.81 107.25 108.77 110.37 112.00 113.62 115.24 116.82 118.34 119.78 121.07 122.25 123.40 124.57 125.76 126.80 127.65 128.61 129.74 130.86
Australia 19.03 19.27 19.50 19.72 19.93 20.18 20.45 20.83 21.25 21.69 22.03 22.34 22.73 23.13 23.48 23.82 24.19 24.59 24.96 25.33 25.65 25.69 26.01 26.65 27.20
New Zealand 3.86 3.88 3.95 4.03 4.09 4.13 4.18 4.22 4.26 4.30 4.35 4.38 4.41 4.44 4.52 4.61 4.71 4.81 4.90 4.98 5.09 5.11 5.12 5.25 5.34

Footnotes

*Download date: 10 December 2025.
aIncluding the overseas territories.
bBecsült adat.
cEstimated figure.
dThe EU designation means for EU27_2020.
eExcluding Hongkong SAR, Macao SAR and Taiwan.
Source: Eurostat (Luxembourg); World Development Indicators (The World bank, Washington D.C.).

Explanation of symbols

__, |
Break in series (limited comparability).
blue number
Preliminary datum.
green number
Revised datum.
.